10 Iwu Linux amachaghị nke ọma - Akụkụ 2
Na-aga n'ihu na mkparịta ụka ikpeazụ site na 11 Iwu Linux bara uru - Nkebi nke m ebe a n'isiokwu a, anyị ga-elekwasị anya na iwu Linux ndị ọzọ a ma ama, nke ga-aba uru nke ukwuu na ijikwa Desktọpụ na nkesa.
12. Iwu
Ibe iwu ọ bụla ị pịnyere na ọdụ ọnụ na-edekọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme ma enwere ike ịnwale ya site na iji iwu akụkọ ihe mere eme.
Kedu maka iwu akụkọ aghụghọ? Ee, ị nwere ike ime ya na ọ dị mfe. Naanị tinye otu oghere ma ọ bụ karịa tupu pịnye iwu na njedebe na iwu gị agaghị edekọ.
Ka anyị nwaa, anyị ga-anwale iwu Linux nkịtị ise (sị ls, pwd, uname, echo \hi na onye) na njedebe mgbe otu oghere dị ọcha wee lelee ma iwu ndị a etinyere na akụkọ ihe mere eme ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị.
[email :~$ ls [email :~$ pwd [email :~$ uname [email :~$ echo “hi” [email :~$ who
Ugbu a, gbaa iwu 'akụkọ ihe mere eme' ka ịhụ ma edekọghị iwu ndị a emebiri n'elu ma ọ bụ na edeghị ya.
[email :~$ history 40 cd /dev/ 41 ls 42 dd if=/dev/cdrom1 of=/home/avi/Desktop/squeeze.iso 43 ping www.google.com 44 su
Ị na-ahụ na anyị emebiri iwu na-adịghị abanye. anyị nwekwara ike ịghọgbu akụkọ ihe mere eme site na iji iwu ọzọ 'cat | bash'n'ezie na-enweghị nkwuputa, n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị n'elu.
13. stat Command
Iwu stat dị na Linux na-egosiputa ozi ọkwa nke faịlụ ma ọ bụ sistemụ faịlụ. Stat ahụ na-egosi ọtụtụ ozi gbasara faịlụ nke aha agafere dị ka arụmụka. Ozi ọnọdụ gụnyere nha faịlụ, ngọngọ, ikike ịnweta, oge-oge faịlụ nweta ikpeazụ, gbanwee, mgbanwe, wdg.
[email :~$ stat 34.odt File: `34.odt' Size: 28822 Blocks: 64 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: 801h/2049d Inode: 5030293 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 1000/ avi) Gid: ( 1000/ avi) Access: 2013-10-14 00:17:40.000000000 +0530 Modify: 2013-10-01 15:20:17.000000000 +0530 Change: 2013-10-01 15:20:17.000000000 +0530
14. . na .
Ngwakọta igodo dị n'elu abụghị n'ezie iwu kama ọ bụ tweak nke na-etinye arụmụka iwu ikpeazụ na ngwa ngwa, n'usoro iwu abanye ikpeazụ na iwu abanye na mbụ. Naanị pịa ma jide 'Alt' ma ọ bụ 'Esc' wee gaa n'ihu ịpị '.'.
15. iwu pv
O nwere ike ịbụ na ị hụlala ederede na-eme emume na ihe nkiri ọkachasị Hollywood Movies, ebe ederede dị ka a ga-asị na a na-ede ya na ezigbo oge. Ị nwere ike ikwughachi ụdị ederede ọ bụla na mmepụta n'ụdị simulating site na iji iwu 'pv', dị ka pipelin dị n'elu. Enweghị ike itinye iwu pv na sistemụ gị, ị ga-enwerịrị ma ọ bụ yum ngwugwu achọrọ iji wụnye 'pv' n'ime igbe gị.
[email :# echo "Tecmint [dot] com is the world's best website for qualitative Linux article" | pv -qL 20
Tecmint [dot] com is the world's best website for qualitative Linux article
16. ugwu | kọlụm -t
Iwu dị n'elu na-egosi ndepụta nke sistemụ faịlụ niile etinyere na nhazi nke ọma yana nkọwapụta.
[email :~$ mount | column -t
/dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw)
17. Ctr + l iwu
Tupu ịga n'ihu, ka m jụọ gị ka ị ga-esi kpochapụ ọnụ ọnụ gị. Hmmm! Ị pịnye \clear ozugbo. Ọ dị mma, iwu a dị n'elu na-arụ ọrụ nke ihicha ọnụ ụlọ gị n'otu oge. Naanị pịa Ctr+l wee hụ ka ọ na-ekpochapụ ọdụ gị ozugbo.
18. curl iwu
Kedu maka ịlele ozi gị na-agụghị site na ahịrị iwu. Iwu a bara ezigbo uru maka ndị na-arụ ọrụ na sava enweghị isi. Ọzọ ọ na-arịọ maka okwuntughe n'oge agba ọsọ na ịkwesighi koodu siri ike koodu gị n'ahịrị dị n'elu, nke bụ ihe egwu nchekwa.
[email :~$ curl -u [email --silent "https://mail.google.com/mail/feed/atom" | perl -ne 'print "\t" if //; print "$2\n" if /<(title|name)>(.*)<\/>/;'
Enter host password for user '[email ': Gmail - Inbox for [email People offering cars in Delhi - Oct 26 Quikr Alerts another dependency question Chris Bannister Ralf Mardorf Reco Brian François Patte Curt Siard berenger.morel Hi Avishek - Download your Free MBA Brochure Now... Diya ★Top Best Sellers Of The Week, Take Your Pick★ Timesdeal aptitude misconfigure? Glenn English Choosing Debian version or derivative to run Wine when resource poor Chris Bannister Zenaan Harkness Curt Tom H Richard Owlett Ralf Mardorf Rob Owens
19. Ihuenyo Iwu
Iwu ihuenyo na-eme ka o kwe omume ịwepụ usoro na-agba ọsọ ogologo site na nnọkọ nke nwere ike ịmegharị ọzọ, dị ka na mgbe achọrọ nke na-enye mgbanwe na njedebe iwu.
Iji mee usoro (ogologo) anyị na-arụ ọrụ dịka
[email :~$ ./long-unix-script.sh
Kedu nke enweghị mgbanwe ma chọọ onye ọrụ ka ọ gaa n'ihu na nnọkọ dị ugbu a, agbanyeghị ma ọ bụrụ na anyị emee iwu dị n'elu dị ka.
[email :~$ screen ./long-unix-script.sh
Enwere ike ihichapụ ya ma ọ bụ tinye ya na nnọkọ dị iche iche. Mgbe iwu na-eme, pịa Ctrl + A wee pịa d iji wepụ. Iji tinye ọsọ.
[email :~$ screen -r 4980.pts-0.localhost
Mara: N'ebe a, akụkụ ikpeazụ nke iwu a bụ id ihuenyo, nke ị nwere ike nweta site na iji iwu 'screen -ls'. Ka ịmatakwu banyere 'iwu ihuenyo'na ojiji ha, biko gụọ akụkọ anyị nke na-egosi ụfọdụ iwu ihuenyo 10 bara uru nwere ihe atụ.
20. faịlụ
Mba! iwu dị n'elu abụghị typo. 'file' bụ iwu na-enye gị ozi gbasara ụdị faịlụ ahụ.
[email :~$ file 34.odt 34.odt: OpenDocument Text
21. id
Iwu a dị n'elu bipụta ezigbo onye ọrụ yana ids otu dị irè.
[email :~$ id
uid=1000(avi) gid=1000(avi) groups=1000(avi),24(cdrom),25(floppy),29(audio),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),109(netdev),111(bluetooth),117(scanner)
Nke ahụ bụ ihe niile ugbu a. N'ịhụ ihe ịga nke ọma nke isiokwu ikpeazụ nke usoro isiokwu a na kpọmkwem isiokwu a, m ga-abịa na akụkụ ọzọ nke isiokwu a nwere ọtụtụ iwu Linux ndị ọzọ a ma ama n'oge adịghị anya. Ruo mgbe ahụ Nọrọ na-ege ntị wee jikọọ na Tecment. Echefula ịnye anyị nzaghachi bara uru na Comments.
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