Kpọgharia aha – Ngwá ọrụ ahịrị iwu maka ịkpọgharị ọtụtụ faịlụ aha na Linux

Anyị na-ejikarị iwu mv nyegharịa otu faịlụ aha na Linux. Agbanyeghị, ịnyegharị otutu ma ọ bụ otu faịlụ ngwa ngwa na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ siri ike na ọnụ.

Linux na-abịa na ngwa arụnyere arụnyere dị ike nke a na-akpọ rename. A na-eji iwu ngbanwe aha iji nyegharịa ọtụtụ faịlụ ma ọ bụ otu faịlụ aha, nyegharịa faịlụ ka ọ bụrụ obere mkpụrụedemede, nyegharịa faịlụ ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu mkpụrụedemede ma degharịa faịlụ site na iji okwu perl.

Iwu megharia aha bụ akụkụ nke edemede Perl ma ọ bi n'okpuru/usr/bin/na ọtụtụ nkesa Linux. Ị nwere ike ịgba ọsọ nke iji chọpụta ebe iwu nyegharịa aha.

$ which rename
/usr/bin/rename
rename 's/old-name/new-name/' files

Iwu ngbanwe aha na-abịa na arụmụka nhọrọ ole na ole yana okwu perl amanyere iwu nke na-eduzi iwu ịnyegharị aha iji rụọ ọrụ n'ezie.

rename [ -v ] [ -n ] [ -f ] perlexpr [ files ]

  1. -v: Bipụta aha faịlụ ndị akpọgharịrị aha nke ọma.
  2. -n: Gosi ihe faịlụ a gaara akpọgharị aha.
  3. -f: Kwado degharịa faịlụ ndị dị adị.
  4. perlexr: Okwu Perl.

Maka nghọta ka mma maka ịba uru a, anyị atụlewo ihe atụ ole na ole bara uru nke iwu a n'isiokwu.

1. Ihe Nlereanya Nyeghari Aha Basic

Were ya na ị nwere ụyọkọ faịlụ nwere ndọtị .html ma ịchọrọ ịmegharị faịlụ .html niile ka ọ bụrụ .php n'otu oge. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, buru ụzọ mee ls -l iji lelee ndepụta faịlụ na ndọtị .html.

# [email :~$ ls -l
total 22532
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6888896 Oct 10 12:10 cricket.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  588895 Oct 10 12:10 entertainment.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6188895 Oct 10 12:10 health.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6538895 Oct 10 12:10 lifestyle.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938895 Oct 10 12:10 news.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938937 Oct 10 12:11 photos.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  978137 Oct 10 12:11 sports.html

Ugbu a, ịchọrọ ịgbanwe ndọtị nke faịlụ ndị a niile site na .html gaa na .php. Ị nwere ike iji iwu nyegharịa aha na-esonụ na okwu perl dị ka egosiri n'okpuru.

[email :~$ rename 's/\.html$/\.php/' *.html

Mara: N'iwu dị n'elu, anyị ejirila arụmụka abụọ.

  1. Arụmụka nke mbụ bụ okwu perl na-eji .php dochie .html.
  2. Arụmụka nke abụọ na-agwa iwu nyegharịa aha ka iji *.php.
    3. dochie faịlụ niile.

Ka anyị nyochaa ma faịlụ niile ka akpọgharịrị aha .php, na-eme ls-l na ngwa ngwa.

[email :~$ ls -l
total 22532
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6888896 Oct 10 12:10 cricket.php
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  588895 Oct 10 12:10 entertainment.php
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6188895 Oct 10 12:10 health.php
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6538895 Oct 10 12:10 lifestyle.php
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938895 Oct 10 12:10 news.php
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938937 Oct 10 12:11 photos.php
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  978137 Oct 10 12:11 sports.php

Ugbu a ị nwere ike ịhụ n'elu na faịlụ HTML niile ka ahagharịrị ka php.

2. Lelee mgbanwe tupu ị na-agba ọsọ nyegharịa iwu

Mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ ngbanwe aha dị oke egwu ma ọ bụ nnukwu, ị nwere ike ịlele mgbanwe mgbe niile site na iji arụmụka “-n” wee jiri iwu nyegharịa aha. Oke “-n” ga-agwa gị kpọmkwem mgbanwe ndị ga-eme, mana emeghị mgbanwe ndị ahụ n'ezie. Nke a bụ ihe atụ nke iwu dị n'okpuru.

[email :~$ rename -n 's/\.php$/\.html/' *.php

cricket.php renamed as cricket.html
entertainment.php renamed as entertainment.html
health.php renamed as health.html
lifestyle.php renamed as lifestyle.html
news.php renamed as news.html
photos.php renamed as photos.html
sports.php renamed as sports.html

Rịba ama: Mwepụta iwu dị n'elu na-egosipụta naanị mgbanwe, mana n'ezie, a naghị eme mgbanwe ahụ, ọ gwụla ma ị na-agba ọsọ na-enweghị -n mgba ọkụ.

3. Bipute nyegharịa mmepụta aha

Anyị hụrụ na iwu ịnyegharị aha egosighi ozi ọ bụla nke mgbanwe ọ na-eme. Yabụ, ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịnweta nkọwa nke iwu rename (dị ka anyị jiri “-n” nhọrọ), ebe a anyị na-eji nhọrọ “-v” bipụta nkọwa zuru oke nke mgbanwe niile emere site na ịnyegharị aha nke ọma.

[email :~$ rename -v 's/\.php$/\.html/' *.php

cricket.php renamed as cricket.html
entertainment.php renamed as entertainment.html
health.php renamed as health.html
lifestyle.php renamed as lifestyle.html
news.php renamed as news.html
photos.php renamed as photos.html
sports.php renamed as sports.html

4. Tụgharịa niile obere obere ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu na Vise-Versa

Ka ogbe nyegharịa faịlụ niile nwere obere aha ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, achọrọ m ikpuchi faịlụ ndị a niile site na obere obere ruo nnukwu.

[email :~$ ls -l
total 22532
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6888896 Oct 10 12:10 cricket.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  588895 Oct 10 12:10 entertainment.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6188895 Oct 10 12:10 health.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6538895 Oct 10 12:10 lifestyle.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938895 Oct 10 12:10 news.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938937 Oct 10 12:11 photos.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  978137 Oct 10 12:11 sports.html

Naanị, jiri iwu na-esonụ na okwu perl.

[email :~$ rename 'y/a-z/A-Z/' *.html

Ozugbo ịmechara iwu a dị n'elu, ị nwere ike ịlele mgbanwe ahụ site na ime ls -l.

[email :~$ ls -l
total 22532
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6888896 Oct 10 12:10 CRICKET.HTML
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  588895 Oct 10 12:10 ENTERTAINMENT.HTML
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6188895 Oct 10 12:10 HEALTH.HTML
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6538895 Oct 10 12:10 LIFESTYLE.HTML
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938895 Oct 10 12:10 NEWS.HTML
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938937 Oct 10 12:11 PHOTOS.HTML
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  978137 Oct 10 12:11 SPORTS.HTML

Ị nwere ike ịhụ na iwu ahụ dị n'elu degharịrị aha faịlụ niile dị obere (ya na .HTML ndọtị) ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu.

N'otu aka ahụ, ị nwekwara ike ịtụgharị mkpụrụedemede ukwu niile na obere obere site na iji iwu na-esonụ.

[email :~$ rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *.HTML
[email :~$ ls -l
total 22532
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6888896 Oct 10 12:10 cricket.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  588895 Oct 10 12:10 entertainment.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6188895 Oct 10 12:10 health.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive 6538895 Oct 10 12:10 lifestyle.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938895 Oct 10 12:10 news.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  938937 Oct 10 12:11 photos.html
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ravisaive ravisaive  978137 Oct 10 12:11 sports.html

5. Wepụta aha mkpụrụedemede mbụ nke aha faịlụ

Iji wepụta naanị mkpụrụedemede mbụ nke aha faịlụ ọ bụla jiri iwu a.

# rename 's/\b(\w)/\U$1/g' *.ext

6. Degharịa faịlụ ndị dị adị

Ọ bụrụ na-ịchọrọ iji ike degharịa faịlụ ndị dị adị, jiri nhọrọ “-f” dị ka egosiri n'okpuru.

[email :~$ rename -f 's/a/b/' *.html

Ọ bụrụ na ị ga-achọ ịmatakwu gbasara iwu nyegharịa aha, pịnye “nwoke rename” n'ọnụ ọnụ.

Iwu ngbanwe aha bara uru nke ukwuu, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-emeso ọtụtụ ma ọ bụ batch renaming faịlụ site na ahịrị iwu. Gbalịa mee ka m mara, ole bara uru n'ihe gbasara renaming faịlụ.