Iwu 10 SCP iji nyefee faịlụ/nchekwa na Linux

Ndị nchịkwa Linux kwesịrị ịma gburugburu CLI. Ebe ọ bụ na ọnọdụ GUI na sava Linux anaghị adịkarị ka etinyere ya. SSH nwere ike ịbụ protocol kachasị ewu ewu iji mee ka ndị nchịkwa Linux nwee ike jikwaa sava site n'ụzọ dịpụrụ adịpụ. Ejiri iwu SSH rụọ ya enwere iwu SCP. A na-eji SCP iji detuo faịlụ (s) n'etiti sava n'ụzọ echekwara.

[Ị nwekwara ike ịmasị: Otu esi echekwa ma sie ike OpenSSH Server]

Iwu dị n'okpuru ga-agụ dị ka \detuo source_file_name n'ime destination_folder na destination_host na-eji akaụntụ aha njirimara.

scp source_file_name [email _host:destination_folder

Enwere ọtụtụ parampat na iwu SCP ị nwere ike iji. Nke a bụ paramita ndị nwere ike iji na-eji kwa ụbọchị.

Nye ozi zuru ezu nke usoro SCP site na iji paramita -v

Iwu SCP bụ isi na-enweghị paramita ga-eṅomi faịlụ ndị dị n'azụ. Ndị ọrụ agaghị ahụ ihe ọ bụla ma ọ bụrụ na emechara usoro a ma ọ bụ ụfọdụ njehie pụtara.

Ị nwere ike iji paramita -v iji bipụta ozi nbipu n'ime ihuenyo. Ọ nwere ike inyere gị aka ịmegharị njikọ, nyocha, na nsogbu nhazi.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -v Label.pdf [email @202.x.x.x:.

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -t .
OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: Host '202.x.x.x' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email 's password:
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).
Sending file modes: C0770 3760348 Label.pdf
Sink: C0770 3760348 Label.pdf
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 136.0KB/s 00:27
Transferred: sent 3766304, received 3000 bytes, in 65.2 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 57766.4, received 46.0
debug1: Exit status 0

Nye oge mgbanwe, oge nnweta na ụdịdị sitere na faịlụ mbụ

Oke “-p” ga-enyere gị aka na nke a. Oge atụmatụ atụmatụ na ọsọ njikọ ga-apụta na ihuenyo.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -p Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 126.6KB/s 00:29

Mee nyefee faịlụ ọsọ ọsọ site na iji paramita -C

Otu n'ime paramita nwere ike ịnyefe faịlụ gị ngwa ngwa bụ oke “-C”. Oke “-C” ga-akpakọ faịlụ gị ka ị na-aga. Ihe pụrụ iche bụ mkpakọ-naanị na-eme na netwọk. Mgbe faịlụ ahụ bịarutere na sava ebe ọ na-aga, ọ ga-alaghachi na nha mbụ dịka tupu mkpakọ emee.

Lelee iwu ndị a. Ọ na-eji otu faịlụ 93 Mb.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -pv messages.log [email :.

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -p -t .
OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: Trying private key: /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email 's password:
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).
debug1: Sending command: scp -v -p -t .
File mtime 1323853868 atime 1380425711
Sending file timestamps: T1323853868 0 1380425711 0
messages.log 100% 93MB 58.6KB/s 27:05
Transferred: sent 97614832, received 25976 bytes, in 1661.3 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 58758.4, received 15.6
debug1: Exit status 0

Detuo faịlụ na-enweghị oke “-C” ga-ebute 1661.3 sekọnd. Ị nwere ike iji nsonaazụ ya tụnyere iwu dị n'okpuru ebe a na-eji paramita -C.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -Cpv messages.log [email :.

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -p -t .
OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: Host '202.x.x.x' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email 's password:
debug1: Enabling compression at level 6.
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug1: Sending command: scp -v -p -t .
File mtime 1323853868 atime 1380428748
Sending file timestamps: T1323853868 0 1380428748 0
Sink: T1323853868 0 1380428748 0
Sending file modes: C0600 97517300 messages.log
messages.log 100% 93MB 602.7KB/s 02:38
Transferred: sent 8905840, received 15768 bytes, in 162.5 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 54813.9, received 97.0
debug1: Exit status 0
debug1: compress outgoing: raw data 97571111, compressed 8806191, factor 0.09
debug1: compress incoming: raw data 7885, compressed 3821, factor 0.48

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, mgbe ị na-eji mkpakọ, nyefe usoro na-mere na 162.5 sekọnd. Ọ na-agba ọsọ ugboro 10 karịa ejighị “-C” oke. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-edegharị ọtụtụ faịlụ n'ofe netwọkụ, oke “-C” ga-enyere gị aka ibelata oge niile ịchọrọ.

Ihe anyị kwesịrị ịchọpụta bụ na usoro mkpakọ agaghị arụ ọrụ na faịlụ ọ bụla. Mgbe faịlụ isi mmalite abanyelarị, ị gaghị ahụ nkwalite ọ bụla n'ebe ahụ. Faịlụ dị ka .zip, .rar, foto, na faịlụ .iso agaghị emetụta oke “-C”.

Gbanwee SCP Cipher ka ọ bụrụ faịlụ zoro ezo

Site na ndabara SCP na-eji AES-128 iji zoo faịlụ. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịgbanwe gaa na cipher ọzọ iji zoo ya, ị nwere ike iji “-c” oke. Lelee iwu a.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -c 3des Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13

Iwu dị n'elu na-agwa SCP ka ọ jiri 3des algọridim iji zoo faịlụ ahụ. Biko kpachara anya na oke a na-eji -c ọ bụghị -C.

Na-amachi ojiji bandwit na iwu SCP

Oke ọzọ nwere ike ịba uru bụ oke “-l”. Oke “-l” ga-amachi bandwit iji. Ọ ga-aba uru ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-eme edemede akpaaka iji detuo ọtụtụ faịlụ, mana ị chọghị ka usoro SCP wepụ bandwidth ahụ.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -l 400 Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 50.3KB/s 01:13

Uru 400 dị n'azụ paramita -l pụtara na anyị na-amachi bandwit maka usoro SCP naanị 50 KB/sk. Otu ihe ị ga-echeta bụ na a kapịrị ọnụ bandwit na Kilobits/sec (kbps). Ọ pụtara na 8 ibe n'ibe hà 1 byte.

Ebe SCP na-agụta na Kilobyte/sekọnd (KB/s). Yabụ ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịmachi bandwit gị maka SCP kacha nke naanị 50 KB/s, ịkwesịrị ịtọ ya ka ọ bụrụ 50 x 8 = 400.

Ezipụta ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri akọwapụtara ka ị ga-eji na SCP

Ọtụtụ mgbe, SCP na-eji ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 22 dị ka ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ndabara. Mana maka ebumnuche nchekwa, ịnwere ike ịgbanwe ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ka ọ bụrụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, anyị na-eji ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 2249. Mgbe ahụ iwu ahụ kwesịrị ịdị ka nke a.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -P 2249 Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 262.3KB/s 00:14

Jide n'aka na ọ na-eji isi obodo P ọ bụghị p ebe ọ bụ na ejirila p maka oge na ụdịdị echekwabara.

Detuo faịlụ n'ime ndekọ ugboro ugboro

Mgbe ụfọdụ, anyị kwesịrị iṅomi ndekọ na faịlụ/akwụkwọ ndekọ aha n'ime ya. Ọ ga-aka mma ma ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere ike ime ya na 1 iwu. SCP na-akwado ọnọdụ ahụ site na iji paramita -r.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -r documents [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13
scp.txt 100% 10KB 9.8KB/s 00:00

Mgbe emechara usoro nnomi ahụ, na ebe ị na-aga ị ga-ahụ ndekọ aha ya na faịlụ ya niile. A na-emepụta nchekwa ahụ ozugbo.

Gbanyụọ mita ọganihu na ozi ịdọ aka ná ntị/nchọpụta nchọpụta

Ọ bụrụ na ịhọrọ ịghara ịhụ mita ọganihu na ozi ịdọ aka ná ntị/nchọpụta nchọpụta sitere na SCP, ị nwere ike gbanyụọ ya site na iji paramita -q. Nke a bụ ihe atụ.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -q Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
[email  ~/Documents $

Dịka ị na-ahụ, mgbe itinyechara paswọọdụ, enweghị ozi gbasara usoro SCP. Mgbe usoro ahụ mechara, ị ga-ahụ ozugbo ọzọ.

Detuo faịlụ site na iji SCP site na Proxy

A na-ejikarị ihe nkesa proxy eme ihe na gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ. Dị ka ala, SCP ahazighị proxy. Mgbe gburugburu ebe obibi gị na-eji proxy, ị ga-agwa SCP ka ya na proxy kparịta ụka.

Nke a bụ ọnọdụ. Adreesị proxy bụ 10.0.96.6 yana ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri bụ 8080. Onye nnọchi anya ahụ mejuputakwara nyocha njirimara. Nke mbụ, ịkwesịrị ịmepụta faịlụ ~/.ssh/config. Nke abụọ, ị na-etinye iwu a n'ime ya.

ProxyCommand /usr/bin/corkscrew 10.0.96.6 8080 %h %p ~/.ssh/proxyauth

Mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị ịmepụta faịlụ ~/.ssh/proxyauth nke nwere.

myusername:mypassword

Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ị nwere ike ime SCP transparently dị ka ọ dị na mbụ.

Biko mara na enwebeghị ike itinye ihe nkuchi na sistemụ gị. Na Mint Linux m, achọrọ m ibu ụzọ wụnye ya, na-eji usoro nrụnye Linux Mint ọkọlọtọ.

$ apt-get install corkscrew

Maka sistemụ yum ndị ọzọ, ndị ọrụ nwere ike ịwụnye corkscrew site na iji iwu yum na-esote.

# yum install corkscrew

Ihe ọzọ bụ na ebe ọ bụ na faịlụ ~/.ssh/proxyauth nwere aha njirimara na paswọọdụ gị n'ụdị ederede doro anya, biko jide n'aka na ọ bụ naanị gị nwere ike ịnweta faịlụ ahụ.

Họrọ faịlụ ssh_config dị iche

Maka ndị ọrụ ekwentị na-agbanwekarị n'etiti netwọkụ ụlọ ọrụ na netwọkụ ọha, ọ ga-adị mfe ịgbanwe ntọala mgbe niile na SCP. Ọ ka mma ma ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere ike itinye faịlụ ssh_config dị iche iji kwekọọ mkpa anyị.

A na-eji proxy na netwọkụ ụlọ ọrụ mana ọ bụghị na netwọk ọha ma ị na-agbanwe netwọk mgbe niile.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -F /home/pungki/proxy_ssh_config Label.pdf

[email :.
[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13

Site na ndabara ssh_config faịlụ onye ọrụ ga-etinye na ~/.ssh/config. Ịmepụta faịlụ ssh_config akọwapụtara na ndakọrịta proxy ga-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mfe ịgbanwe n'etiti netwọk.

Mgbe ị nọ na netwọk ụlọ ọrụ, ị nwere ike iji paramita -F. Mgbe ịnọ na netwọk ọha, ị nwere ike ịgafe oke -F.

[Ị nwekwara ike ịmasị: Pscp - Nyefee/detuo faịlụ gaa na ọtụtụ sava Linux site na iji otu Shell]

Nke ahụ bụ ihe niile gbasara SCP. Ị nwere ike ịhụ ibe mmadụ nke SCP maka nkọwa ndị ọzọ. Biko nweere onwe gị ịhapụ nkọwa na aro.