15 Ọmụmaatụ bara uru nke iwu dpkg maka Debian Based Distros
Debian GNU/Linux, nne Sistemụ arụmọrụ nke ọtụtụ nkesa Linux gụnyere Knoppix, Kali, Ubuntu, Mint, wdg na-eji njikwa ngwugwu dị iche iche dị ka dpkg, apt, aptitude, synapti, tasksel, deselect, dpkg-deb na dpkg-split. .
Anyị ga na-akọwa nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a nkenke tupu ilekwasị anya n'iwu 'dpkg'.
Apt na-anọchi anya Ngwá Ọrụ ngwugwu dị elu. Ọ naghị emetụta ngwugwu 'deb' ma na-arụ ọrụ ozugbo, mana ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ebe nchekwa 'deb' site na ebe akọwapụtara na faịlụ /etc/apt/sources.list.
Gụkwuo : 25 bara uru Basic Iwu nke APT-GET Iwu
Aptitude bụ njikwa ngwugwu dabere na ederede maka Debian nke dị n'ihu na njedebe 'apt', nke na-enyere onye ọrụ aka ijikwa ngwugwu dị mfe.
Ihe njikwa ngwugwu eserese nke na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịwụnye, kwalite na iwepụ ngwugwu ọbụlagodi ndị novice.
Tasksel na-ahapụ onye ọrụ ịwụnye ngwugwu niile dị mkpa metụtara otu ọrụ, ya bụ, gburugburu Desktọpụ.
Ngwa njikwa ngwungwu menu na-akwalite, nke ejiri ya mee ihe n'oge mbụ wụnye ma ugbu a ejiri ikike dochie ya.
Na-emekọrịta ihe na ebe nchekwa Debian.
Ọ bara uru n'ịkewa na ijikọ nnukwu faịlụ n'ime mpekere obere faịlụ a ga-echekwa na mgbasa ozi nke pere mpe dị ka floppy-disk.
dpkg bụ isi mmemme njikwa ngwugwu na Sistemụ dabere na Debian na Debian. A na-eji ya wụnye, wuo, wepụ, na jikwaa ngwugwu. Ikike bụ isi njedebe na dpkg.
Edepụtara ụfọdụ iwu dpkg a na-ejikarị yana ojiji ha eme ebe a:
1. Wụnye ngwugwu
Maka ịwụnye ngwugwu .deb, jiri iwu ahụ nwere nhọrọ -i. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji wụnye ngwugwu .deb akpọrọ flashpluginnonfree_2.8.2+squeeze1_i386.deb jiri iwu a.
dpkg -i flashpluginnonfree_2.8.2+squeeze1_i386.deb
Selecting previously unselected package flashplugin-nonfree. (Reading database ... 465729 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking flashplugin-nonfree (from flashplugin-nonfree_3.2_i386.deb) ... Setting up flashplugin-nonfree (1:3.2) ... --2013-10-01 16:23:40-- http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/pdc/11.2.202.310/install_flash_player_11_linux.i386.tar.gz Resolving fpdownload.macromedia.com (fpdownload.macromedia.com)... 23.64.66.70 Connecting to fpdownload.macromedia.com (fpdownload.macromedia.com)|23.64.66.70|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 6923724 (6.6M) [application/x-gzip] Saving to: ‘/tmp/flashplugin-nonfree.FPxQ4l02fL/install_flash_player_11_linux.i386.tar.gz’
2. Depụta ngwugwu niile arụnyere
Ka ilele na depụta ngwungwu niile arụnyere, jiri nhọrọ “-l” yana iwu.
dpkg -l
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold | Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend |/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad) ||/ Name Version Architecture Description +++-======================================-========================-=============================================================================== ii accerciser 3.8.0-0ubuntu1 all interactive Python accessibility explorer for the GNOME desktop ii account-plugin-aim 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 i386 Messaging account plugin for AIM ii account-plugin-facebook 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1 i386 GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon - facebook ii account-plugin-flickr 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1 i386 GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon - flickr ii account-plugin-generic-oauth 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1 i386 GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon - generic OAuth ii account-plugin-google 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1 i386 GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon rc account-plugin-identica 0.10bzr13.03.26-0ubuntu1 i386 GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon - identica ii account-plugin-jabber 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 i386 Messaging account plugin for Jabber/XMPP ....
Ka ilele otu ngwugwu arụnyere ma ọ bụ ejighi nhọrọ “-l” yana aha ngwugwu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, lelee ma arụnyere ngwugwu apache2 ma ọ bụ na etinyeghị ya.
dpkg -l apache2
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold | Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend |/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad) ||/ Name Version Architecture Description +++-======================================-========================-============================================== ii apache2 2.2.22-6ubuntu5.1 i386 Apache HTTP Server metapackage
3. Wepu ngwugwu
Iji wepu ngwungwu “.deb”, anyị ga-ezipụta aha ngwugwu “flashpluginnonfree“, ọ bụghị aha mbụ “flashplugin-nonfree_3.2_i386.deb“. A na-eji nhọrọ “-r” wepụ/iwepu ngwugwu.
dpkg -r flashpluginnonfree
(Reading database ... 142891 files and directories currently installed.) Removing flashpluginnonfree ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for menu ... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ...
Ị nwekwara ike iji 'p' nhọrọ n'ọnọdụ 'r' nke ga-ewepụ ngwugwu yana faịlụ nhazi. Nhọrọ 'r' ga-ewepụ naanị ngwugwu ọ bụghị faịlụ nhazi.
dpkg -p flashpluginnonfree
4. Lelee ọdịnaya nke ngwugwu
Ka ilele ọdịnaya nke otu ngwugwu, jiri nhọrọ “-c” dị ka egosiri. Iwu ahụ ga-egosipụta ọdịnaya nke ngwugwu .deb n'ụdị ogologo ndepụta.
dpkg -c flashplugin-nonfree_3.2_i386.deb
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/bin/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/lib/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/lib/mozilla/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/lib/flashplugin-nonfree/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 3920 2009-09-09 22:51 ./usr/lib/flashplugin-nonfree/pubkey.asc drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/man/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/man/man8/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 716 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/man/man8/update-flashplugin-nonfree.8.gz drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/applications/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/icons/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/icons/hicolor/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2012-12-14 22:54 ./usr/share/icons/hicolor/24x24/ ....
5. Lelee ngwugwu arụnyere ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị
Iji nhọrọ -s nwere aha ngwugwu ga-egosipụta ma arụnyere ngwungwu ụgwọ ma ọ bụ na etinyeghị ya.
dpkg -s flashplugin-nonfree
Package: flashplugin-nonfree Status: install ok installed Priority: optional Section: contrib/web Installed-Size: 177 Maintainer: Bart Martens <[email > Architecture: i386 Version: 1:3.2 Replaces: flashplugin (<< 6) Depends: debconf | debconf-2.0, wget, gnupg, libatk1.0-0, libcairo2, libfontconfig1, libfreetype6, libgcc1, libglib2.0-0, libgtk2.0-0 (>= 2.14), libnspr4, libnss3, libpango1.0-0, libstdc++6, libx11-6, libxext6, libxt6, libcurl3-gnutls, binutils Suggests: iceweasel, konqueror-nsplugins, ttf-mscorefonts-installer, ttf-dejavu, ttf-xfree86-nonfree, flashplugin-nonfree-extrasound, hal Conflicts: flashplayer-mozilla, flashplugin (<< 6), libflash-mozplugin, xfs (<< 1:1.0.1-5) Description: Adobe Flash Player - browser plugin ...
6. Lelee ebe ngwugwu arụnyere
Iji depụta ọnọdụ faịlụ ndị a ga-etinye na sistemụ gị site na aha ngwugwu.
dpkg -L flashplugin-nonfree
/. /usr /usr/bin /usr/lib /usr/lib/mozilla /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins /usr/lib/flashplugin-nonfree /usr/lib/flashplugin-nonfree/pubkey.asc /usr/share /usr/share/man /usr/share/man/man8 /usr/share/man/man8/update-flashplugin-nonfree.8.gz /usr/share/applications /usr/share/icons /usr/share/icons/hicolor ...
7. Wụnye ngwugwu niile site na ndekọ
Na-emegharị ugboro ugboro, wụnye usoro niile dabara na faịlụ oge niile * .deb achọtara na akwụkwọ ndekọ aha akọwapụtara na akwụkwọ ndekọ aha ya niile. Enwere ike iji nke a na nhọrọ -R na -install. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, m ga-etinye ngwugwu .deb niile site na ndekọ aha a na-akpọ debpackages.
dpkg -R --install debpackages/
(Reading database ... 465836 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace flashplugin-nonfree 1:3.2 (using .../flashplugin-nonfree_3.2_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement flashplugin-nonfree ... Setting up flashplugin-nonfree (1:3.2) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ...
8. Mepee ngwugwu ahụ mana emela 'Hazie
Iji ihe omume -unpack ga-ewepụ ngwugwu ahụ, mana ọ gaghị etinye ma ọ bụ hazie ya.
dpkg --unpack flashplugin-nonfree_3.2_i386.deb
(Reading database ... 465836 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace flashplugin-nonfree 1:3.2 (using flashplugin-nonfree_3.2_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement flashplugin-nonfree ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ...
9. Megharịa ngwugwu na-enweghị ngwugwu
Nhọrọ “–configure” ga-emegharị ngwungwu emebubeghị.
dpkg --configure flashplugin-nonfree
Setting up flashplugin-nonfree (1:3.2) ...
10. Dochie ozi ngwugwu dị
Nhọrọ --update-avail jiri ozi dị na faịlụ ngwugwu dochie ozi ochie.
dpkg –-update-avail package_name
11. Hichapụ ozi ngwugwu dị adị
Ihe omume -clear-avaial ga-ehichapụ ozi dị ugbu a gbasara ngwugwu dị.
dpkg –-clear-avail
12. Chefuo ngwugwu ewepụghị na anaghị adị
Iwu dpkg nwere nhọrọ “–echefu-ochie-unavail” ga-echefu ngwugwu etinyere na adịghị adị.
dpkg --forget-old-unavail
13. Gosipụta ikikere dpkg
dpkg --licence
14. Gosipụta ụdị dpkg
Arụmụka “–ụdị” ga-egosipụta ozi ụdị dpkg.
dpkg –version
Debian `dpkg' package management program version 1.16.10 (i386). This is free software; see the GNU General Public License version 2 or later for copying conditions. There is NO warranty.
15. Nweta enyemaka niile gbasara dpkg
Nhọrọ “–help” ga-egosipụta ndepụta nhọrọ dị nke iwu dpkg.
dpkg –help
Usage: dpkg [<option> ...] <command> Commands: -i|--install <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive <directory> ... --unpack <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive <directory> ... -A|--record-avail <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive <directory> ... --configure <package> ... | -a|--pending --triggers-only <package> ... | -a|--pending -r|--remove <package> ... | -a|--pending -P|--purge <package> ... | -a|--pending --get-selections [<pattern> ...] Get list of selections to stdout. --set-selections Set package selections from stdin. --clear-selections Deselect every non-essential package. --update-avail <Packages-file> Replace available packages info. --merge-avail <Packages-file> Merge with info from file. --clear-avail Erase existing available info. --forget-old-unavail Forget uninstalled unavailable pkgs. -s|--status <package> ... Display package status details. ...
Nke ahụ bụ ihe niile ugbu a. Aga m anọ ebe a ọzọ na akụkọ ọzọ na-atọ ụtọ. Ọ bụrụ na atufuru m iwu ọ bụla na listi ahụ mee ka m mara site na nkwupụta. Ruo mgbe ahụ, nọrọ na nche wee Jikọọ na Tecment. Dị ka na ịkekọrịta anyị ma nyere anyị aka ịgbasa. Echefula ịkọ echiche gị bara uru na nkọwa.