Otu esi egbu usoro Linux site na iji Kill, Pkill na Killall

Sistemụ arụmọrụ Linux na-abịa na iwu igbu mmadụ iji kwụsị usoro. Iwu ahụ na-eme ka o kwe omume ịga n'ihu na-agba ọsọ nkesa na-enweghị mkpa ịmalitegharị mgbe nnukwu mgbanwe/mmelite gasịrị. Ebe a na-abịa ike dị ukwuu nke Linux na nke a bụ otu n'ime ihe kpatara ya, Linux na-agba ọsọ na 96.4% nke sava, na mbara ala.

Iwu igbu egbu na-eziga mgbama, mgbama akọwapụtara na usoro na-agba ugbu a. Enwere ike ịme iwu igbu mmadụ n'ọtụtụ ụzọ, ozugbo ma ọ bụ site na edemede shei.

[Ị nwekwara ike ịmasị gị: Chọta usoro 15 kachasị elu site na iji ebe nchekwa nwere 'n'elu' na ọnọdụ Batch]

Iji igbu egbu sitere na /usr/bin na-enye gị ụfọdụ atụmatụ iji gbuo usoro site na aha nhazi site na iji pkill.

Okwu nkịtị maka igbu egbu bụ:

# kill [signal or option] PID(s)

Maka iwu igbu, aha mgbaàmà nwere ike ịbụ:

Signal Name		Signal Value			Behaviour

SIGHUP			      1				Hangup
SIGKILL			      9				Kill Signal
SIGTERM			      15			Terminate

N'ụzọ doro anya site na omume dị n'elu, SIGTERM bụ ụzọ ndabara na nke kachasị nchebe iji gbuo usoro. SIGHUP bụ ụzọ dị nchebe nke igbu usoro karịa SIGTERM. SIGKILL bụ ụzọ enweghị nchekwa n'etiti atọ dị n'elu, iji gbuo usoro na-akwụsị usoro na-enweghị nchekwa.

Iji gbuo usoro, anyị kwesịrị ịma ID Usoro nke usoro. Usoro bụ ihe atụ nke mmemme. Oge ọ bụla mmemme malitere, na-akpaghị aka na PID pụrụ iche maka usoro ahụ.

Usoro ọ bụla dị na Linux nwere pid. Usoro mbụ nke na-amalite mgbe Linux Sistemu na-ebuli bụ usoro init, ya mere a na-ekenye ya uru nke '1' n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ.

[I nwekwara ike ịmasị gị: Ihe niile ịchọrọ ịma gbasara usoro na Linux [Nduzi zuru oke]]

Init bụ usoro nhazi na enweghị ike igbu ya n'ụzọ dị otú a, nke na-eme ka o doo anya na usoro nhazi ahụ adịghị egbu ya na mberede. Init kpebiri ma kwe ka e gbuo onwe ya, ebe igbu ọchụ bụ naanị arịrịọ maka mmechi.

Depụta usoro Linux niile na-agba ọsọ

Iji mara usoro niile yana otu pid ekenyere ha, mee iwu ps ndị a.

# ps -A

PID TTY          TIME CMD
    1 ?        00:00:01 init
    2 ?        00:00:00 kthreadd
    3 ?        00:00:00 migration/0
    4 ?        00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0
    5 ?        00:00:00 migration/0
    6 ?        00:00:00 watchdog/0
    7 ?        00:00:01 events/0
    8 ?        00:00:00 cgroup
    9 ?        00:00:00 khelper
   10 ?        00:00:00 netns
   11 ?        00:00:00 async/mgr
   12 ?        00:00:00 pm
   13 ?        00:00:00 sync_supers
   14 ?        00:00:00 bdi-default
   15 ?        00:00:00 kintegrityd/0
   16 ?        00:00:00 kblockd/0
   17 ?        00:00:00 kacpid
   18 ?        00:00:00 kacpi_notify
   19 ?        00:00:00 kacpi_hotplug
   20 ?        00:00:00 ata/0
   21 ?        00:00:00 ata_aux
   22 ?        00:00:00 ksuspend_usbd

Kedu maka ịhazi mmepụta n'elu site na iji syntax dị ka 'pidof process'.

# pidof mysqld

Ụzọ ọzọ iji nweta ihe mgbaru ọsọ dị n'elu bụ ịgbaso syntax dị n'okpuru.

# ps aux | grep mysqld

root      1582  0.0  0.0   5116  1408 ?        S    09:49   0:00 
/bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql 
--socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
--basedir=/usr --user=mysql

mysql     1684  0.1  0.5 136884 21844 ?        Sl   09:49   1:09 
/usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql 
--log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
--socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

root     20844  0.0  0.0   4356   740 pts/0    S+   21:39   
0:00 grep mysqld

[Ị nwekwara ike ịmasị: Otu esi achọta usoro 15 kacha elu site na iji ebe nchekwa na Linux]

Otu esi egbu usoro na Linux

Tupu anyị aga n'ihu ma mebie iwu igbu mmadụ, isi ihe dị mkpa a ga-amata:

Onye ọrụ nwere ike igbu usoro ya niile.
Onye ọrụ enweghị ike igbu usoro onye ọrụ ọzọ.
Onye ọrụ enweghị ike igbu usoro sistemụ na-eji.
Onye ọrụ mgbọrọgwụ nwere ike igbu sistemu-level-process yana usoro onye ọrụ ọ bụla.

Ụzọ ọzọ ị ga-esi rụọ otu ọrụ ahụ bụ imezu iwu 'pgrep'.

# pgrep mysql

Iji gbuo usoro PID dị n'elu, jiri iwu igbu dị ka egosiri.

kill -9 3139

Iwu a dị n'elu ga-egbu usoro ahụ nwere pid=3139, ebe PID bụ uru ọnụọgụ nke usoro ahụ.

Enwere ike idegharị ụzọ ọzọ iji rụọ otu ọrụ ahụ dịka.

# kill -SIGTERM 3139

N'otu aka ahụ 'egbu -9 PID' yiri 'kill -SIGKILL PID' na vice versa.

Otu esi egbu usoro na Linux Iji Aha Usoro

Ị ga-ama nke usoro aha, tupu igbu na abanye na-ezighị ezi usoro aha nwere ike ịghasa gị.

# pkill mysqld

Gbuo ihe karịrị otu usoro n'otu oge.

# kill PID1 PID2 PID3
or
# kill -9 PID1 PID2 PID3
or
# kill -SIGKILL PID1 PID2 PID3

Kedu ihe ma ọ bụrụ na usoro nwere ọtụtụ ihe atụ yana ọtụtụ usoro ụmụaka, anyị nwere iwu 'killall' ma ọ bụ pkill. Abụọ ndị a bụ naanị iwu ezinụlọ a, nke na-ewere aha usoro dị ka arụmụka n'ọnọdụ nọmba usoro.

# killall [signal or option] Process Name
Or
# pkill Process Name

Iji gbuo usoro mysql niile yana usoro ụmụaka, jiri iwu dị ka ndị a.

# killall mysqld
OR
# pkill mysqld

Ị nwere ike nyochaa ọkwa nke usoro ahụ mgbe niile ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-agba ọsọ ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, na-eji nke ọ bụla n'ime iwu ndị a.

# service mysql status
OR
# systemctl status mysql
# pgrep mysql
# ps -aux | grep mysql

Nke ahụ bụ ihe niile ugbu a, site n'akụkụ m. N'oge na-adịghị anya, m ga-abịa ebe a ọzọ na isiokwu ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị na nke na-enye nkọwa. Ruo mgbe ahụ, nọrọ na nche, jikọọ na Tecment, wee nwee ahụike. Echefula ịnye nzaghachi gị bara uru na ngalaba nkọwa.