Ethernet Channel Bonding aka NIC Teaming na Linux Systems
Njikọ ọwa Ethernet na-enyere aka abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa Network Interfaces Card (NIC) gaa na otu kaadị Nic mebere nke nwere ike ịbawanye bandwidth ma na-enye redundancy nke kaadị NIC. Nke a bụ ụzọ dị mma iji nweta njikọ na-abaghị uru, nnabata mmejọ ma ọ bụ netwọk na-edozi ibu na sistemụ mmepụta. Ọ bụrụ na otu NIC anụ ahụ dara ma ọ bụ ewepụghị ya, ọ ga-ebuga akụrụngwa na kaadị NIC ọzọ ozugbo. Njikọ ọwa/NIC ga-arụ ọrụ site n'enyemaka nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala njikọ na kernel. Anyị ga-eji NIC abụọ gosipụta otu ihe ahụ.
Enwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụdị isii nke ụdị ọwa ọwa dị. N'ebe a, anyị ga-atụle naanị ụdị abụọ nke Channel Bond bụ ndị ewu ewu ma na-ejikarị eme ihe.
- 0: Ntuzi ibu (Round-Robin): A na-ebufe okporo ụzọ n'usoro n'usoro ma ọ bụ ejiji okirikiri sitere na NIC abụọ. Usoro a na-enye nguzozi ibu na nnabata mmejọ.
- 1: Ndabere ọrụ: Naanị otu ohu NIC na-arụ ọrụ n'oge ọ bụla. Kaadị Interface ndị ọzọ ga-arụ ọrụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ohu NIC na-arụ ọrụ daa.
Ịmepụta njikọta ọwa Ethernet
Anyị nwere kaadị netwọk Ethernet abụọ ya bụ eth1 na eth2 ebe a ga-emepụta bond0 maka ebumnuche njikọ. Achọrọ superuser ohere ime iwu n'okpuru.
Kwuo paramita MASTER bond0 na interface eth1 dị ka SLAVE na faịlụ nhazi dị ka egosiri n'okpuru.
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE="eth1" TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT="yes" BOOTPROTO="none" USERCTL=no MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes
N'ebe a kwa, kọwaa parameter MASTER bond0 na eth2 interface dị ka ohu.
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
DEVICE="eth2" TYPE="Ethernet" ONBOOT="yes" USERCTL=no #NM_CONTROLLED=yes BOOTPROTO=none MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes
Mepụta bond0 ma hazie ọwa njikọ njikọ na ndekọ “/ wdg/sysconfig/netwọk-scripts/” nke akpọrọ ifcfg-bond0.
Ihe na-esonụ bụ faịlụ nhazi njikọ njikọ ọwa.
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.246.130 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 BONDING_OPTS="mode=0 miimon=100"
Mara: Na nhazi nke dị n'elu, anyị ahọrọla ụdị nhọrọ Bonding = 0 i.e Round-Robin na miimon = 100 (ntụgharị ntuli aka 100 ms).
Ka anyị hụ interfaces mepụtara site na iji iwu ifconfig nke na-egosi bond0 na-agba ọsọ dị ka MASTER ma interfaces eth1 na eth2 na-agba ọsọ dị ka ndị ohu.
# ifconfig
bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:57:61:8E
inet addr:192.168.246.130 Bcast:192.168.246.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe57:618e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:17374 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:16060 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1231555 (1.1 MiB) TX bytes:1622391 (1.5 MiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:57:61:8E
UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:16989 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8072 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1196931 (1.1 MiB) TX bytes:819042 (799.8 KiB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:57:61:8E
UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:385 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7989 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:34624 (33.8 KiB) TX bytes:803583 (784.7 KiB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2080
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:480 (480.0 b) TX bytes:480 (480.0 b)Malitegharịa ọrụ netwọk na oghere kwesịrị ịdị mma.
# service network restart
Shutting down interface bond0: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface bond0: [ OK ]
Na-enyocha ọnọdụ nke njikọ ahụ.
# watch -n .1 cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
N'okpuru mmepụta na-egosi na Bonding Mode bụ Load Balance (RR) na eth1 & eth2 na-egosi elu.
Every 0.1s: cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0 Thu Sep 12 14:08:47 2013 Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.6.0 (September 26, 2009) Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin) MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 100 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth1 MII Status: up Speed: Unknown Duplex: Unknown Link Failure Count: 2 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:57:61:8e Slave queue ID: 0 Slave Interface: eth2 MII Status: up Speed: Unknown Duplex: Unknown Link Failure Count: 2 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:57:61:98 Slave queue ID: 0
N'ọnọdụ a, oghere ndị ohu ka dị otu. naanị otu mgbanwe ga-adị na njikọ njikọ ifcfg-bond0 kama '0' ọ ga-abụ '1' nke egosiri dị ka n'okpuru.
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.246.130 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100"
Malitegharịa ọrụ netwọk wee lelee ọkwa nke njikọta.
# service network restart
Shutting down interface bond0: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface bond0: [ OK ]
Iji iwu lelee ọkwa nke njikọ ahụ.
# watch -n .1 cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ụdị njide na-egosi nnabata mmejọ (ndabere na-arụ ọrụ) yana Interface ohu adịlarị.
Every 0.1s: cat /proc/n... Thu Sep 12 14:40:37 2013 Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.6.0 (September 2 6, 2009) Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup) Primary Slave: None Currently Active Slave: eth1 MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 100 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth1 MII Status: up Speed: Unknown Duplex: Unknown Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:57:61:8e Slave queue ID: 0 Slave Interface: eth2 MII Status: up Speed: Unknown Duplex: Unknown Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:57:61:98 Slave queue ID: 0
Mara: Jiri aka gbadaa na gbagoo Interfaces ohu ka ịlele ọrụ nke njikọta ọwa. Biko hụ iwu ahụ dị ka n'okpuru.
# ifconfig eth1 down # ifconfig eth1 up
Ọ bụ ya!