Ghọta Ndụmọdụ Asụsụ Shell Shell Linux na Basic Shell Scripting - Nkebi I

Foto na-ekwu karịa okwu na foto dị n'okpuru na-ekwu maka ọrụ Linux niile.

  1. 5 Edemede Shell iji mụta mmemme Shell – Nkebi nke Abụọ
  2. Ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri Site na Ụwa nke Linux BASH Scripting – Nkebi III

Ịghọta Linux Shell

  1. Shell: Onye ntụgharị okwu Command-Line nke na-ejikọ onye ọrụ na sistemụ arụmọrụ ma na-enye ohere ịme iwu ma ọ bụ site na imepụta edemede ederede.
  2. Usoro: Ọrụ ọ bụla onye ọrụ na-arụ na sistemụ a na-akpọ usoro. Usoro dị ntakịrị mgbagwoju anya karịa naanị ọrụ.
  3. Faịlụ: Ọ dị na diski ike (hdd) ma nwee data nke onye ọrụ nwere.
    4. X-windows aka windows: Ụdị Linux ebe enwere ike kewaa ihuenyo (nleba anya) n'obere akụkụ a na-akpọ windows, nke na-enye onye ọrụ ohere ịme ọtụtụ ihe n'otu oge na/ma ọ bụ gbanwee site n'otu ọrụ gaa na nke ọzọ. dị mfe ma lelee eserese n'ụzọ mara mma.
  4. Terminal ederede: Ihe nleba anya nke nwere naanị ike igosipụta ihe ederede, enweghị eserese ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi eserese bụ isi.
  5. Oge: Oge n'etiti ịbanye na ịpụ na sistemụ.

Ụdị Shell na nkesa Linux ọkọlọtọ

Shei Bourne: Shei Bourne bụ otu n'ime shei ndị a na-eji na nsụgharị mbụ wee ghọọ ọkọlọtọ de facto. Stephen Bourne dere ya na Bell Labs. Usoro Unix ọ bụla nwere opekata mpe otu shei dabara na shei Bourne. Aha mmemme shei Bourne bụ “sh” ma ọ na-anọkarị na usoro sistemụ faịlụ na /bin/sh.

C shei: Bill Joy mepụtara shei C maka Nkesa Software Berkeley. A haziri syntax ya dị ka asụsụ mmemme C. A na-eji ya nke ọma maka ojiji ọnụ ọnụ ọnụ, mana ọ na-adịkarị obere maka ịde ederede na njikwa sistemụ arụmọrụ. C shei nwere ọtụtụ iwu mmekọrịta.

Mmalite ihe ọchị! (Linux Shell)

Enwere puku kwuru puku iwu maka onye ọrụ ahịrị iwu, kedu maka icheta ha niile? Hmmm! Naanị ị nweghị ike. Ezigbo ike nke kọmpụta bụ iji mee ka ọrụ gị dị mfe, ịkwesịrị ịmegharị usoro ahụ na ya mere ịchọrọ edemede.

Ederede bụ mkpokọta iwu, echekwara na faịlụ. Shei ahụ nwere ike ịgụ faịlụ a wee mee ihe n'iwu dị ka a ga-asị na e debere ha na ahụigodo. Shei na-enyekwa atụmatụ mmemme bara uru dị iche iche iji mee ka script dị ike n'ezie.

Ihe ndabere nke Shell Programming

  1. Iji nweta shei Linux, ịkwesịrị ibido ọdụ.
  2. Ka ịhụ ụdị shei ị nwere, gbaa ọsọ: kwughachi $SHELL.
  3. Na Linux, akara dollar ($) na-anọchi anya mgbanwe shei.
  4. Iwu 'echo' na-eweghachite ihe ọ bụla i pịnyere.
  5. Ntụziaka pipeline (|) na-abịa napụta, mgbe ị na-eke ọtụtụ iwu.
    6. Iwu Linux nwere syntax nke ha, Linux agaghị agbaghara gị ihe ọ bụla bụ mmejọ. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwetaghị iwu na-ezighi ezi, ị gaghị atụgharị ma ọ bụ mebie ihe ọ bụla, mana ọ gaghị arụ ọrụ.
  6. #!/bin/sh - A na-akpọ ya shebang. Edere ya n'elu script shei wee nyefee ntuziaka na mmemme /bin/sh.

Banyere edemede shei

Edemede Shell bụ faịlụ ederede dị mfe nwere ndọtị “.sh”, na-enwe ikike enwere ike ime ya.

  1. Oghere ọnụ mepere emepe.
  2. Gaa na ebe ịchọrọ ịmepụta edemede site na iji iwu 'cd'.
  3. Cd (tinye) [Nke a ga-eweta ngwa ngwa na ndekọ ụlọ gị].
  4. metụ ndewo.sh (N'ebe a, anyị kpọrọ script dị ka ndewo, cheta ndọtị '.sh' bụ iwu).
  5. vi hello.sh (nano hello.sh) [Ị nwere ike iji nchịkọta akụkọ ọkacha mmasị gị, iji dezie edemede].
  6. chmod 744 hello.sh (na-eme ka edemede ahụ nwee ike ime ya).
  7. sh ndewo.sh ma ọ bụ ./hello.sh (na-eme edemede ahụ) 

#!/bin/bash
# My first script

echo "Hello World!"

Chekwa ahịrị ndị dị n'elu na faịlụ ederede, mee ka ọ rụọ ọrụ ma mee ya, dịka akọwara n'elu.

Hello World!

Na koodu dị n'elu.

#!/bin/bash (is the shebang.)
# My first script (is comment, anything following '#' is a comment)
echo “Hello World!” (is the main part of this script)

OK oge ịkwaga na edemede ọzọ. Edemede a ga-agwa gị, aha njirimara gị wee depụta usoro ndị na-agba ọsọ.

#! /bin/bash
echo "Hello $USER"
echo "Hey i am" $USER "and will be telling you about the current processes"
echo "Running processes List"
ps

Mepụta faịlụ nwere koodu ndị dị n'elu, chekwaa ya na ihe ọ bụla ịchọrọ, mana jiri ndọtị .sh, mee ka ọ rụọ ọrụ wee mee ya, n'aka gị.

Hello tecmint
Hey i am tecmint and will be telling you about the current processes
Running processes List
  PID TTY          TIME CMD
 1111 pts/0    00:00:00 bash
 1287 pts/0    00:00:00 sh
 1288 pts/0    00:00:00 ps

Nke a ọ dị mma? Edemede ederede dị mfe dị ka inweta echiche na ide iwu pipụ. Enwere ụfọdụ mgbochi, kwa. Edemede Shell mara mma maka arụmọrụ sistemụ faịlụ dị nkenke yana idetu nchikota arụmọrụ dị na nzacha yana ngwaọrụ ahịrị iwu site na ọkpọkọ.

Mgbe mkpa gị ka ukwuu - ma ọ dị na arụmọrụ, ike siri ike, arụmọrụ, arụmọrụ wdg - mgbe ahụ ị nwere ike ịkwaga n'asụsụ zuru oke.

Ọ bụrụ na ị maralarị asụsụ mmemme C/Perl/Python ma ọ bụ asụsụ mmemme ọ bụla, ịmụ asụsụ scripting agaghị esi ike.

N'ịga, dee edemede anyị nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ maka edemede a. Edemede a na-arụ ọrụ dị ka edemede mmekọrịta. Gịnị kpatara na gị onwe gị mebie edemede a dị mfe ma na-emekọrịta ihe wee gwa anyị mmetụta gị.

#! /bin/bash
echo "Hey what's Your First Name?";
read a;
echo "welcome Mr./Mrs. $a, would you like to tell us, Your Last Name";
read b;
echo "Thanks Mr./Mrs. $a $b for telling us your name";
echo "*******************"
echo "Mr./Mrs. $b, it's time to say you good bye"
Hey what's Your First Name?
Avishek
welcome Mr./Mrs. Avishek, would you like to tell us, Your Last Name
Kumar
Thanks Mr./Mrs. Avishek Kumar for telling us your name
******************************************************
Mr./Mrs. Kumar, it's time to say you good bye

Ọfọn nke a abụghị njedebe. Anyị gbalịrị iwetara gị ụtọ edemede. N'edemede anyị n'ọdịnihu, anyị ga-akọwapụta isiokwu asụsụ scripting a, kama isiokwu asụsụ edemede na-adịghị agwụ agwụ, ka ọ bụrụ nke zuru oke. A na-enwe ekele maka echiche gị bara uru na nkọwa, dị ka ma kesaa anyị ma nyere anyị aka ịgbasa. Ruo mgbe ahụ dị jụụ, jikọọ, nọrọ na nche.