Otu esi etinye KVM na CentOS/RHEL 8

Igwe mebere kernel (KVM na nkenke) bụ ihe mepere emepe na ihe njiri mara ọkọlọtọ nke etinyere na Linux. Ọ bụ modul kernel nke nwere ike ibugharị na-atụgharị Linux ka ọ bụrụ ụdị-1 (bare-metal) hypervisor nke na-emepụta nyiwe arụ ọrụ mebere nke a na-eji na-agba igwe mebere (VM).

N'okpuru KVM, VM ọ bụla bụ usoro Linux nke kernel na-ahazi yana jikwaa ma nwee ngwaike nkeonwe (ya bụ CPU, kaadị netwọk, diski, wdg). Ọ na-akwadokwa ikike ime nke ọma, nke na-enye gị ohere ịme VM n'ime VM ọzọ.

Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi ya gụnyere nkwado maka ọtụtụ nyiwe ngwaike na-akwado Linux (ngwaike x86 na virtualization extensions (Intel VT ma ọ bụ AMD-V)), ọ na-enye nchebe VM na-ekewapụ onwe ya site na iji SELinux na nchekwa nke ọma (sVirt), ọ na-eketa njirimara njikwa ebe nchekwa kernel, ọ na-akwado ma ọpụpụ na-anọghị n'ịntanetị na ozugbo (mbugharị nke VM na-agba ọsọ n'etiti ndị ọbịa anụ ahụ).

N'isiokwu a, ị ga-amụta ka esi etinye KVM virtualization, mepụta na jikwaa igwe mebere na CentOS 8 na RHEL 8 Linux.

Nwụnye ọhụrụ nke sava CentOS 8
Nwụnye ọhụrụ nke sava RHEL 8
Enyere ndenye aha RedHat na sava RHEL 8

Na mgbakwunye, jide n'aka na ikpo okwu ngwaike gị na-akwado ike ime ihe site n'ịgba iwu na-esonụ.

# grep -e 'vmx' /proc/cpuinfo		#Intel systems
# grep -e 'svm' /proc/cpuinfo		#AMD systems

Ọzọkwa, gosi na a na-ebuba modul KVM na kernel (ha kwesịrị ịbụ, na ndabara).

# lsmod | grep kvm

Nke a bụ mmepụta ihe nlele na sistemụ nnwale nke dabere na Intel:

N'ime usoro ntuziaka KVM gara aga, anyị gosiri console webụ Cockpit.

Kwụpụ 1: Tọọ Console Weebụ Cockpit na CentOS 8

1. The kokpiiti bụ ihe dị mfe iji, agbakwunyere na extendable web dabeere interface na-elekọta Linux nkesa na a nchọgharị na weebụ. Ọ na-enyere gị aka ịrụ ọrụ sistemu dị ka ịhazi netwọkụ, ịhazi nchekwa, imepụta VM na iji òké nyochaa ndekọ. Ọ na-eji nbanye na ohere ndị ọrụ nke sistemụ gị, mana a na-akwadokwa ụzọ nyocha ndị ọzọ.

Ọ na-abịa na etinyere ya ma tinye ya na CentOS 8 na RHEL 8 usoro ọhụrụ, ọ bụrụ na i tinyeghị ya, wụnye ya site na iji iwu dnf na-esonụ. Ekwesịrị ịwụnye ndọtị-igwe kokpiiti iji jikwaa VM dabere na Libvirt.

# dnf install cockpit cockpit-machines

2. Mgbe ngwugwu ngwugwu zuru ezu, malite oghere kokpiiti, mee ka ọ nwee ike ịmalite na boot system ma lelee ọnọdụ ya iji gosi na ọ na-agba ọsọ.

# systemctl start cockpit.socket
# systemctl enable cockpit.socket
# systemctl status cockpit.socket

3. Na-esote, gbakwunye ọrụ kokpiiti na firewall sistemu nke enyere site na ndabara, na-eji iwu firewall-cmd wee bugharịa nhazi firewall iji tinye mgbanwe ọhụrụ.

# firewall-cmd --add-service=cockpit --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload

4. Iji nweta kokpiiti webụ console, mepee ihe nchọgharị weebụ wee jiri URL na-esonụ ka ịnyagharịa.

https://FQDN:9090/
OR
https://SERVER_IP:9090/

cockpit na-eji asambodo ejiri aka ya mee ka HTTPS nwee ike, gaa n'ihu na njikọ ahụ mgbe ị nwetara ịdọ aka ná ntị site na ihe nchọgharị ahụ. Na ibe nbanye, jiri nzere akaụntụ onye ọrụ nke ihe nkesa gị.

Kwụpụ 2: Wụnye KVM Virtualization CentOS 8

5. Ọzọ, wụnye virtualization modul na ndị ọzọ virtualization ngwugwu dị ka ndị a. Ihe ngwungwu wụnye-virt na-enye ngwá ọrụ maka ịwụnye igwe mebere site na interface-line interface, a na-eji ihe nlele virt na-elele igwe mebere.

# dnf module install virt 
# dnf install virt-install virt-viewer

6. Na-esote, na-agba ọsọ virt-host-validate iwu ka validate ma ọ bụrụ na usu igwe na-agba ọsọ libvirt hypervisor ọkwọ ụgbọala.

# virt-host-validate

7. Ọzọ, malite libvirtd daemon (libvirtd) ma mee ka ọ malite na-akpaghị aka na buut ọ bụla. Wee lelee ọkwa ya iji gosi na ọ na-arụ ọrụ.

# systemctl start libvirtd.service
# systemctl enable libvirtd.service
# systemctl status libvirtd.service

Kwụpụ 3: Tọọ elu Network Bridge (Virtual Network Switch) site na Cockpit

8. Ugbu a mepụta netwọk netwọk (virtual network switch) iji jikọta igwe mebere na netwọkụ ahụ dị ka onye ọbịa. Site na ndabara, ozugbo libvirtd daemon malitere, ọ na-eme ka virbr0 netwọkụ arụrụ arụ ọrụ nke na-anọchite anya mgba ọkụ netwọkụ mebere nke na-arụ ọrụ na ọnọdụ NAT.

Maka ntuziaka a, anyị ga-emepụta interface netwọk na ọnọdụ bridged a na-akpọ br0. Nke a ga-eme ka igwe mebere igwe nweta na netwọkụ ndị ọbịa.

Site na isi interface cockpit, pịa ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet, wee pịa Tinye Bridge dị ka egosiri na nseta ihuenyo na-esonụ.

9. Site na windo mmapụta, tinye aha akwa wee họrọ ndị ohu akwa ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri (dịka enp2s0 na-anọchite anya interface Ethernet) dị ka egosiri na nseta ihuenyo na-esonụ. Wee pịa Tinye.

10. Ugbu a, mgbe ị na-ele anya na ndepụta nke Interfaces, ọhụrụ akwa kwesịrị ịpụta n'ebe ahụ na mgbe sekọnd ole na ole, Ethernet interface kwesịrị nkwarụ (wepụrụ).

Kwụpụ 4: Ịmepụta na ijikwa igwe mebere site na kọmpụta Weebụ Cockpit

11. Site kokpiiti isi interface, pịa na Virtual Machines nhọrọ dị ka pụta ìhè na-esonụ nseta ihuenyo. Site na Virtual Machines ibe, pịa Mepụta VM.

12. Window nwere nhọrọ iji mepụta VM ọhụrụ ga-egosipụta. Tinye Njikọ, Aha (e, g ubuntu18.04), Ụdị Isi Nwụnye (na usoro ule, anyị echekwala ihe oyiyi ISO n'okpuru ebe nchekwa ahụ bụ/var/lib/libvirt/images/), Isi Nwụnye, Nchekwa, Size , Ebe nchekwa dị ka egosiri na foto a. Ekwesịrị ịhọrọ onye na-ere OS na sistemụ arụmọrụ na-akpaghị aka mgbe ịbanyechara Isi mmalite.

Lelee nhọrọ ka ịmalite VM ozugbo, wee pịa Mepụta.

13. Mgbe ịpịchara Mepụta site na nzọụkwụ gara aga, VM kwesịrị ịmalite na-akpaghị aka na ọ ga-eji ihe oyiyi ISO nyere. Gaba n'ihu ịwụnye sistemụ arụmọrụ ndị ọbịa (Ubuntu 18.04 n'ọnọdụ anyị).

Ọ bụrụ na ị pịrị na netwọk Interfaces nke VM, isi iyi netwọk kwesịrị igosi interface netwọk akwa mmiri emepụtara ọhụrụ.

Na n'oge echichi, na nzọụkwụ nke ịhazi interface netwọk, ị ga-enwe ike ịhụ na VMs Ethernet interface na-enweta adreesị IP site na sava DHCP nke netwọk ndị ọbịa.

Rịba ama na ịkwesịrị ịwụnye ngwugwu OpenSSH iji nweta OS ọbịa site na SSH site na igwe ọ bụla dị na netwọk ndị ọbịa, dịka akọwara na ngalaba ikpeazụ.

14. Mgbe nrụnye OS ọbịa zuru ezu, malitegharịa VM, wee gaa na Diski ma wepụ/wepụ ngwaọrụ cdrom n'okpuru diski VMs. Wee pịa Run ka ịmalite VM.

15. Ugbu a n'okpuru Consoles, ị nwere ike abanye n'ime ọbịa OS na-eji onye ọrụ akaụntụ ị kere n'oge echichi nke OS.

Nzọụkwụ 5: Ịnweta Virtual Machine Guest OS site na SSH

16. Iji nweta ndị ọbịa OS ọhụrụ arụnyere ọhụrụ site na netwọk nnabata site na SSH, na-agba ọsọ na-esonụ iwu (dochie 10.42.0.197 na onye ọbịa gị adreesị IP).

$ ssh [email

17. Iji mechie, malitegharịa ma ọ bụ hichapụ VM, pịa ya na listi VM, wee jiri bọtịnụ ndị akọwapụtara na nseta ihuenyo na-esonụ.

Nke ahụ bụ ihe niile ugbu a! N'ime ntuziaka a, anyị egosila otu esi etinye ngwungwu KVM virtualization, wee mepụta na jikwaa VM site na njikwa webụ kokpiiti. Maka nkọwa ndị ọzọ, hụ: Ịmalite site na ime ihe na RHEL 8.