Otu esi edobe sava DNS na-adịgide adịgide na Ubuntu na Debian

The /etc/resolv.conf bụ isi nhazi faịlụ maka DNS aha resolver ọba akwụkwọ. Onye nbibi bụ ọrụ dị n'ọbá akwụkwọ C nke na-enye ohere ịnweta Sistemụ ngalaba aha ịntanetị (DNS). A haziri ọrụ ndị a ka ịlele ndenye na faịlụ /etc/hosts, ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ sava aha DNS, ma ọ bụ iji nchekwa data onye ọbịa nke Ọrụ Ozi Network (NIS).

Na sistemụ Linux ọgbara ọhụrụ nke na-eji sistemu (sistemụ na njikwa ọrụ), DNS ma ọ bụ ọrụ mkpebi aha na-enye ngwa mpaghara site na ọrụ edoziri sistemu. Site na ndabara, ọrụ a nwere ụdịdị anọ dị iche iche maka ijikwa mkpebi aha ngalaba wee jiri faịlụ stub DNS nke sistemu (/run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf) n'ụdị arụrụ arụrụ.

Faịlụ stub DNS nwere stub 127.0.0.53 dị ka naanị ihe nkesa DNS, a na-ebugharị ya na faịlụ /etc/resolv.conf nke ejiri tinye mgbakwunye aha sava nke sistemụ ahụ ji.

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-agba ọsọ ls iwu na /etc/resolv.conf, ị ga-ahụ na faịlụ a bụ a symlink na /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf faịlụ.

$ ls -l /etc/resolv.conf

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 Feb 15  2019 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf

O di nwute, n'ihi na /etc/resolv.conf na-ejikwa ya n'ụzọ na-edoghị anya site na ọrụ sistemu edoziri, yana n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ site na ọrụ netwọk (site na iji initscripts ma ọ bụ NetworkManager), mgbanwe ọ bụla ejiri aka mee site na onye ọrụ enweghị ike ịchekwa ya kpamkpam ma ọ bụ naanị. garuo nwa oge.

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-egosi otu esi etinye ma jiri mmemme resolvconf iji tọọ aha sava DNS na-adịgide adịgide na faịlụ /etc/resolv.conf n'okpuru nkesa Debian na Ubuntu Linux.

Gịnị mere ị ga-eji chọọ dezie /etc/resolv.conf File?

Isi ihe kpatara ya nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi na ahazighị ntọala DNS nke sistemụ ahụ ma ọ bụ na ịchọrọ iji sava aha kpọmkwem ma ọ bụ nke gị. Iwu nwamba na-esote na-egosi ihe nkesa aha ndabara na faịlụ /etc/resolv.conf na sistemụ Ubuntu m.

$ cat /etc/resolv.conf

N'okwu a, mgbe ngwa mpaghara dị ka onye njikwa ngwugwu APT nwara ịnweta FQDNs (Aha ngalaba aha zuru oke) na netwọk mpaghara, nsonaazụ ya bụ njehie \Adaghị nwa oge na mkpebi aha dị ka egosiri na nseta ihuenyo na-esote.

Otu ihe ahụ na-eme mgbe ị na-agba ọsọ iwu ping.

$ ping google.com

Ya mere, mgbe onye ọrụ na-agbalị iji aka gị tọọ sava aha, mgbanwe ndị a anaghị adịte aka ma ọ bụ kagbuo ma ọ malitegharịa. Iji dozie nke a, ị nwere ike ịwụnye ma jiri reolvconf utility mee mgbanwe ndị ahụ na-adịgide adịgide.

Iji tinye ngwungwu resolvconf dị ka egosiri na ngalaba na-esote, ị ga-ebu ụzọ tinye aha sava ndị a na faịlụ /etc/resolv.conf, ka ị nweta FQDM nke sava nchekwa Ubuntu na ịntanetị.

nameserver 8.8.4.4
nameserver 8.8.8.8

Ịwụnye resolvconf na Ubuntu na Debian

Nke mbụ, melite ngwugwu ngwanrọ sistemụ wee wụnye resolvconf site na ebe nchekwa gọọmentị site na ịme iwu ndị a.

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install resolvconf

Ozugbo nrụnye resolvconf zuru, sistemu ahụ ga-akpalite resolvconf.service ga-amalite na akpaghị aka. Ka ịlele ma ọ dị elu na-arụ ọrụ na-enye iwu a.

$ sudo systemctl status resolvconf.service

Ọ bụrụ na ebidoghị ọrụ ahụ ma mee ya na-akpaghị aka n'ihi ihe ọ bụla, ịnwere ike ịmalite ma mee ka ọ dị ka ndị a.

$ sudo systemctl start resolvconf.service
$ sudo systemctl enable resolvconf.service
$ sudo systemctl status resolvconf.service

Ọzọ, mepee /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head nhazi faịlụ.

$ sudo nano /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head

ma tinye ahịrị ndị a na ya:

nameserver 8.8.8.8 
nameserver 8.8.4.4

Chekwaa mgbanwe ndị ahụ wee malitegharịa resolvconf.service na-edozi ma ọ bụ malitegharịa sistemụ ahụ.

$ sudo systemctl restart resolvconf.service
$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved.service

Ugbu a, mgbe ị na-elele faịlụ /etc/resolv.conf, a ga-echekwa ndenye ihe nkesa aha ebe ahụ kpamkpam. Ugbu a gaa n'ihu, ị gaghị enwe nsogbu ọ bụla gbasara mkpebi aha na sistemụ gị.

Enwere m olileanya na akụkọ ngwa ngwa a nyeere gị aka ịtọ ntọala DNS na-adịgide adịgide na sistemụ Ubuntu na Debian gị. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ma ọ bụ aro ọ bụla, kekọrịta ha na ngalaba nkọwa n'okpuru.