Otu esi arụ ọrụ na ụbọchị na oge na Bash Iji ụbọchị iwu

Iwu ụbọchị bụ mmemme bash mpụga nke na-enye ohere ịtọ ma ọ bụ gosipụta ụbọchị na oge sistemụ. Ọ na-enyekwa ọtụtụ nhọrọ nhazi. Awụnyere iwu ụbọchị na Linux distros niile na ndabara.

$ which date
$ type -a date

Pịnye iwu ụbọchị na ọnụ nke ga-egosipụta ụbọchị na oge dị ugbu a.

$ date

N'iji iwu ụbọchị, ụbọchị sistemụ, oge na mpaghara oge nwere ike gbanwee yana mgbanwe ahụ ga-ejikọta ya na elekere ngwaike.

$ date --set="Thu Nov 12 13:06:59 IST 2020"
$ hwclock --systohc

Ebe dị mma iji nweta ndepụta nke nhọrọ nhazi ga-abụ ibe nwoke.

$ man date

Ka anyị hụ ụfọdụ nhọrọ nhazi usoro a na-ahụkarị nke anyị ga-eji.

• Iji tinye usoro were “+ na-esote “formatter“.
• I nweta ndepụta nhọrọ nhazi maka GNU\LINUX, lelee ibe nwoke ejikọtara.
• Iji nweta ndepụta nhọrọ nhazi maka BSD, lelee ibe nwoke ejikọtara.

Akụkụ abụọ dị mkpa nke iwu ụbọchị bụ iji Ụdị +% na -date nhọrọ.

Ugbu a, ka anyị tinye ụfọdụ nhazi na iwu ụbọchị. Iji tinye usoro nhazi, tinye gbakwunyere akara (+) sochiri %formatter dị ka egosiri na ọmụmaatụ.

Ka anyị leba anya ka esi eji ndị na-emepụta ụbọchị metụtara ya na edemede shei dị mfe akpọrọ 'date.sh'.

# PRINT YEAR,MONTH,DAY AND DATE...

echo "We are in the year = $(date +%Y)"
echo "We are in the year = $(date +%y)"

# Difference between %Y and %y is %Y will print 4 digits while %y will print the last 2 digits of the year.

echo "We are in the month = $(date +%m)"
echo "We are in the month = $(date +%b)"
echo "We are in the month = $(date +%B)"

# Difference between %B and %b is, %B will print full month name while %b will print abbreviated month name.

echo "Current Day of the month = $(date +%d)"

echo "Current Day of the week = $(date +%A)"
echo "Current Day of the week = $(date +%a)"

# Difference between %A and %a is, %A will print full Weekday name while %a will print abbreviated weekday name.

# Instead of formatting to get the date, we can use %D which will print the date as %m/%d/%y or %F which prints in %Y-%M-%d format.

echo "Date using %D = $(date +%D)"
echo "Date using %F = $(date +%F)"

Ka anyị leba anya ka esi eji ndị nhazi oge na-eme ihe na edemede shei dị mfe akpọrọ 'time.sh'.

# PRINT HOURS, MINS, SECONDS, NANO SECONDS

echo Hours = $(date +%H)
echo Minutes = $(date +%M)
echo Seconds = $(date +%S)
echo Nanoseconds = $(date +%N)
echo Epoch Time = $(date +%s)

echo "current time = $(date +%H:%M:%S:%N)"

# can also use %T which displays Time in HH:MM:SS format.

echo "current time in 24 hour format = $(date +%T)"

# can also use %r to display time in 12 hour format.

echo "current time in 12 hour format = $(date +%r)"

Na --date ma ọ bụ -d nwere ike gafere ndenye ọkọlọtọ dị ka eriri na ụbọchị iwu maara ijikwa ya nke ọma.

Ka anyị hụ ihe atụ ụfọdụ iji ghọta otú o si arụ ọrụ.

# Print yesterday's date and time.
echo "Yesterday = $(date -d "Yesterday")"

# Print Tomorrow date and time.
echo "tomorrow = $(date -d "tomorrow")"

# Find what is the date and time before 10 days from now.
echo "Before 10 days = $(date -d "tomorrow -10 days")"

# Find last month and next month
echo "Last month = $(date -d "last month" "%B")"
echo "Next month = $(date -d "next month" "%B")"

# Find last year and next year
echo "Last Year = $(date -d "last year" "+%Y")"
echo "Next Year = $(date -d "next year" "+%Y")"

# Forecast the weekday
echo "2 days away from today and it comes on weekdays? = $(date -d "Today +2 days" "+%A")

gbakọọ ọnụọgụ ụbọchị n'etiti ụbọchị abụọ enyere.

$ echo $(( ( $(date -d "2020-11-10" "+%s") - $(date -d "2020-11-01" "+%s") ) / 86400))

Chọta afọ enyere bụ afọ leap ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị.

$ for y in {2000..2020}; do date -d $y-02-29 &>/dev/null && echo $y is leap year; done

Na-ekenye mmepụta nke iwu ụbọchị na mgbanwe.

$ TODAY=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
OR
$ TODAY1=$(date +%F)
$ echo $TODAY 
$ echo $TODAY1

Mepụta faịlụ ndekọ na ụbọchị agbakwunyere na aha faịlụ.

Ịgbakwunye ụbọchị na oge ka ị na-eke faịlụ ndekọ, ndabere, ma ọ bụ faịlụ ederede bụ ọrụ a na-ahụkarị nke anyị ga-ezute ọtụtụ mgbe. Ka anyị were ihe atụ, iji were ndabere, anyị ekepụtala edemede shei.

Edemede a ga-eweghachi ndabere site na 00:00 ruo 23:59 ma hazie ya ka ọ na-agba kwa ụbọchị na 00:00 nke ụbọchị na-esote. Anyị chọrọ ịmepụta faịlụ ndekọ na usoro ụbọchị ụnyaahụ.

CUSTOM_FORMAT=$(date --date "Yesterday" "+%d-%y-%H:%M")
LOG_FILE=/var/log/custom_application/application_${CUSTOM_FORMAT}.log
echo "Script started" >>  ${LOG_FILE}
...
CODE BLOCKS
...
echo "Script completed" >> ${LOG_FILE}

Nke ahụ bụ maka akụkọ a. N'isiokwu a, anyị ahụla ka esi eji ụbọchị na oge bash na Linux. Mee ka anyị mara nzaghachi gị.