Otu esi etinye Drupal na Debian 10


Edere PHP, Drupal bụ sistemu njikwa ọdịnaya nke mepere emepe (CMS) na-enyere gị aka ịmepụta blọọgụ ma ọ bụ weebụsaịtị dị ike ma mara mma. Ọ na-ebufe isiokwu etinyegoro mbụ, wijetị, yana njiri mara igbe ndị ọzọ na-enyere gị aka ibido obere ihe ọmụma n'asụsụ mmemme webụ. Ọ dị mma maka ndị ọrụ chọrọ iji bipụta ọdịnaya ha mana ha nwere obere ndabere na mmepe weebụ.

N'isiokwu a, ị ga-amụta ka esi etinye Drupal na Debian 10/9.

Dị ka CMS ọ bụla ọzọ, Drupal na-agba ọsọ na njedebe ihu ma na-akwado ya site na ihe nkesa nchekwa data na azụ azụ. Ya mere, ị ga-etinyerịrị ngwugwu LAMP tupu ihe ọ bụla ọzọ. LAMP mejupụtara sava weebụ Apache, nchekwa data MariaDB/ MySQL, yana PHP nke bụ asụsụ scripting n'akụkụ nkesa.

N'ime ntuziaka a, anyị ejirila ụdịdị ndị a:

  • Apache sava weebụ.
  • MariaDB nkesa nchekwa data.
  • PHP (Maka Drupal 9, PHP 7.3 na ụdị ndị ọzọ ka akwadoro).

Site na ihe ndị a chọrọ, ka anyị malite!

Kwụpụ 1: Wụnye LAMP Stack na Debian 10

1. Iji wụnye Drupal, ị ga-enwerịrị sava weebụ na-agba ọsọ na ihe nkesa nchekwa data, n'isiokwu a, anyị ga-arụ ọrụ na Apache, PHP, na MariaDB, ị nwere ike ịwụnye ha site na iji iwu dabara adaba dị ka egosiri.

$ sudo apt install apache2 mariadb-server mariadb-client php libapache2-mod-php php-cli php-fpm php-json php-common php-mysql php-zip php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-curl php-xml php-pear php-tidy php-soap php-bcmath php-xmlrpc 

2. Na-esote, ịkwesịrị itinye ụfọdụ usoro nchekwa dị mkpa na ntinye nchekwa data site na-agba ọsọ edemede nchekwa na-esote nke na-ebugharị na ngwugwu MariaDB.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Mgbe emechara edemede ahụ, ọ ga-akpali gị ọtụtụ ajụjụ ebe ị nwere ike ịza ee(y) iji mee ka ụfọdụ nhọrọ nchekwa dị ka egosiri.

  • Tinye paswọọdụ ugbu a maka mgbọrọgwụ (tinye maka enweghị nke ọ bụla): Tinye
  • Tọọ mgbọrọgwụ okwuntughe? [Y/n] y
  • Wepu ndị ọrụ amaghị aha? [Y/n] y
  • Kwepu nbanye mgbọrọgwụ n'ime oge? [Y/n] y
  • Wepu nchekwa data nnwale wee nweta ya? [Y/n] y
  • Bugharịa tebụl ihe ùgwù ugbu a? [Y/n] y

Nzọụkwụ 2: Mepụta Drupal Database

3. Ọzọ, anyị ga-amalite site na ịmepụta nchekwa data nke Drupal ga-eji maka ịchekwa data n'oge na mgbe echichi. Nke mbụ, banye na nchekwa data MariaDB.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

Ị ga-enweta ozi nnabata ndị a.

4. Ozugbo ịbanye na shei MariaDB, anyị ga-emepụta nchekwa data a na-akpọ drupal_db.

MariaDB [(none)]> create DATABASE drupal_db;

5. Ọzọ, anyị ga-emepụta onye ọrụ nchekwa data nwere paswọọdụ siri ike ma nye onye ọrụ ohere ịnweta nchekwa data Drupal zuru oke dị ka egosiri.

MariaDB [(none)]> create USER ‘drupal_user’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY “StrongPassword”;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON drupal_db.* TO ‘drupal_user’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY “password”;
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;

Ugbu a anyị nwere sava weebụ Apache, nchekwa data Drupal, yana ndọtị PHP niile dị, anyị ga-agagharị wee budata faịlụ nrụnye Drupal.

Kwụpụ 3: Budata ma wụnye Drupal na Debian

6. Anyị ga-ebudata faịlụ abịakọrọ Drupal site na wget iwu.

$ sudo wget https://www.drupal.org/download-latest/tar.gz -O drupal.tar.gz

7. Ozugbo nbudata ahụ zuru, wepụ ya na akwụkwọ ndekọ aha gị ugbu a wee bugharịa folda drupal na-enweghị nsogbu gaa na /var/www/html ụzọ wee depụta ọdịnaya nke ndekọ aha dị ka egosiri:

$ sudo tar -xvf drupal.tar.gz
$ sudo mv drupal-9.0.7 /var/www/html/drupal
$ ls -l /var/www/html/drupal

8. Ọzọ, gbanwee ikike ndekọ aha iji mee ka Drupal nweta ohere maka ọha na eze.

$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/drupal/
$ sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/drupal/

Kwụpụ 4: Mepụta Apache Drupal Virtual Host

9. Iji jeere Drupal ozi na njedebe ihu, anyị kwesịrị ịmepụta faịlụ nnabata Apache mebere iji jee ozi saịtị Drupal. Iji ndezi ederede ọkacha mmasị gị, mepụta faịlụ dị ka egosiri. N'ebe a, anyị na-eji vim editọ.

$ sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/drupal.conf

Tapawa ọdịnaya egosiri na faịlụ nnabata mebere.

<VirtualHost *:80>
     ServerAdmin [email 
     DocumentRoot /var/www/html/drupal/
     ServerName  example.com  
     ServerAlias www.example.com

     ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
     CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

     <Directory /var/www/html/drupal/>;
            Options FollowSymlinks
            AllowOverride All
            Require all granted
     </Directory>

     <Directory /var/www/html/>
            RewriteEngine on
            RewriteBase /
            RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
            RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
            RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?q=$1 [L,QSA]
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Mgbe ịmechara, chekwaa mgbanwe ndị ahụ wee pụọ na faịlụ ahụ.

10. Ruo mgbe a, naanị Apache Welcome page ka a na-enweta site na ihe nchọgharị. Anyị kwesịrị ịgbanwe nke a wee nwee Apache na-eje ozi saịtị Drupal. Iji mezuo nke a, anyị kwesịrị ime ka Drupal's virtual host. Yabụ, mee iwu ndị a:

$ sudo a2ensite drupal.conf
$ sudo a2enmod rewrite

N'ikpeazụ, iji mee mgbanwe ndị a, malitegharịa sava weebụ Apache.

$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

11. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere UFW firewall na-agba ọsọ, mepee ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri HTTP dị ka egosiri.

$ sudo ufw allow 80/tcp
$ sudo ufw reload

Kwụpụ 6: Mepụta Drupal site na ihe nchọgharị

12. Nke a bụ nzọụkwụ ikpeazụ na ntinye nke Drupal na ọ chọrọ ịtọ ya na ihe nchọgharị. Yabụ, gbaa ihe nchọgharị kachasị amasị gị wee chọgharịa adreesị IP nke ihe nkesa gị dị ka egosiri:

http://www.server-ip/

Onye nrụnye ga-ewere gị site na usoro ahụ tupu ịmechaa nhazi ahụ. Na ibe nke mbụ, a ga-achọrọ ka ịhọrọ asụsụ masịrị gị dịka egosiri. Họrọ asụsụ ịchọrọ wee pịa 'Chekwa na Gaa n'ihu'.

13. Enwere profaịlụ nrụnye 3 nke ị nwere ike iji wụnye Drupal, Ma maka ịdị mfe, anyị ga-aga na profaịlụ 'Standard'.

14. Na nzọụkwụ ọzọ, dejupụta nkọwa nchekwa data maka Drupal dị ka akọwapụtara n'elu wee pịa 'Chekwa na Gaa n'ihu'.

15. Drupal's installer ga-amalite ịwụnye faịlụ niile na modul nchekwa data.

16. Ozugbo echichi ahụ mechara, a ga-achọ ka ịnye nkọwa saịtị gị dị ka aha saịtị, adreesị saịtị, mpaghara oge, na ebe iji kwuo ole na ole. Jide n'aka na ị dejupụta nkọwa niile.

17. N'ikpeazụ, ị ga-enweta ndabara dashboard maka Drupal dị ka egosiri:

Site na ebe a, ị nwere ike ịga n'ihu mepụta blọọgụ ma ọ bụ webụsaịtị gị site na iji ndebiri dị iche iche wee hazie ọdịdị na mmetụta nke mmasị gị. Nke ahụ bụ maka taa. Anyị nwere olile anya na ị nwere ike ịwụnye Drupal nke ọma na ihe atụ Debian gị.