Otu esi etinye Docker na Run Docker Containers na Ubuntu


Docker bụ teknụzụ mepere emepe yana usoro sistemụ arụmọrụ ama ama (nke a na-akpọkarị \containerization) teknụzụ na-arụ ọrụ na Linux na Windows. Docker na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịmepụta, ibugharị na ịme ngwa site na iji akpa.

Site na arịa, ndị mmepe (na ndị na-ahụ maka sistemụ) nwere ike ijikọ ngwa na ihe niile achọrọ iji mee ngwa ahụ - koodu, oge ịgba ọsọ, ọba akwụkwọ, mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi, na faịlụ nhazi, wee bupu ya niile dị ka otu ngwugwu. Ee, ọ dị oke mma!

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-egosi gị otu esi etinye Docker CE (Community Edition), mepụta ma na-agba ọsọ Docker na nkesa Ubuntu.

Ịwụnye Docker CE (Community Edition) na Ubuntu

1. Iji wụnye Docker CE, nke mbụ, ịkwesịrị iwepụ ụdị Docker ochie nke a na-akpọ docker, docker.io, ma ọ bụ docker-engine site na sistemụ site na iji iwu a.

$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

2. Ọzọ, ịkwesịrị ịtọ ntọala Docker iji wụnye na melite Docker site na ebe nchekwa site na iji iwu ndị a.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

3. Melite ndepụta ngwugwu dabara adaba wee wụnye ụdị Docker CE kachasị ọhụrụ site na iji iwu ndị a.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount pigz
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount containerd.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli pigz
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 167 not upgraded.
Need to get 50.7 MB of archives.
After this operation, 243 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 pigz amd64 2.4-1 [57.4 kB]
Get:2 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 containerd.io amd64 1.2.4-1 [19.9 MB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1 [104 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6,320 B]
Get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce-cli amd64 5:18.09.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [13.1 MB]
Get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 5:18.09.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [17.4 MB]
Fetched 50.7 MB in 7s (7,779 kB/s)                                     
...

4. Mgbe ị wụnye ngwugwu Docker CE nke ọma, ọrụ ahụ kwesịrị ịmalite na-akpaghị aka ma nwee ike ịmalite na sistemụ buut, ị nwere ike ịlele ọkwa ya site na iji iwu na-esonụ.

$ sudo systemctl status docker 
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-03-06 08:06:42 UTC; 2min 18s ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 5274 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 8
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           └─5274 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.562587408Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support cgroup rt runtime"
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.562767803Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support cgroup blkio weight"
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.562966844Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support cgroup blkio weight_device"
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.565298457Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.950942467Z" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16. Daemon option --bip can be used to set a prefer
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.036964493Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.156279378Z" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=774a1f4 graphdriver(s)=overlay2 version=18.09.3
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.157145045Z" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.224229999Z" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock"

5. N'ikpeazụ, chọpụta na arụnyere Docker CE nke ọma site na iji foto hello-world.

$ sudo docker run hello-world
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

Mụta Iwu Docker Basic na Ubuntu

6. Iji nweta ozi gbasara Docker, mee iwu na-esonụ.

$ sudo docker info

Kernel Version: 5.0.0-050000-generic
Operating System: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 1
Total Memory: 1.452GiB
Name: tecmint
ID: FWSB:IRIF:DYL7:PRB5:Y66E:37MY:ISPO:HZVY:6YJO:2IYL:TO6Y:GNB7
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
Product License: Community Engine

7. Iji nweta ozi gbasara ụdị Docker, mee iwu a.

$ sudo docker version

Client:
 Version:           18.09.3
 API version:       1.39
 Go version:        go1.10.8
 Git commit:        774a1f4
 Built:             Thu Feb 28 06:53:11 2019
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          18.09.3
  API version:      1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.8
  Git commit:       774a1f4
  Built:            Thu Feb 28 05:59:55 2019
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

8. Iji nweta ndepụta nke iwu Docker niile dị na-agba ọsọ docker na ọdụ gị.

$ docker

Usage:	docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default "/home/tecmint/.docker")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/home/tecmint/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/home/tecmint/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/home/tecmint/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  builder     Manage builds
  config      Manage Docker configs
  container   Manage containers
  engine      Manage the docker engine
  image       Manage images
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes
....

Budata ihe onyonyo Docker na Ubuntu

9. Iji mee akpa Docker, nke mbụ, ịkwesịrị ibudata onyonyo site na Docker Hub - na-enye onyonyo efu site na ebe nchekwa ya.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji budata onyonyo Docker akpọrọ CentOS 7, nye iwu a.

$ sudo docker search centos

NAME                               DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
centos                             The official build of CentOS.                   5227                [OK]                
ansible/centos7-ansible            Ansible on Centos7                              120                                     [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh                 CentOS-6 6.10 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.5.1804 x86…   107                                     [OK]
consol/centos-xfce-vnc             Centos container with "headless" VNC session…   81                                      [OK]
imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56    centos6-lnmp-php56                              50                                      [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7            MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   47                                      
tutum/centos                       Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access      43                                      
gluster/gluster-centos             Official GlusterFS Image [ CentOS-7 +  Glust…   40                                      [OK]
openshift/base-centos7             A Centos7 derived base image for Source-To-I…   39                                      
centos/postgresql-96-centos7       PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational …   37                                      
centos/python-35-centos7           Platform for building and running Python 3.5…   33                                      
kinogmt/centos-ssh                 CentOS with SSH                                 26                                      [OK]
openshift/jenkins-2-centos7        A Centos7 based Jenkins v2.x image for use w…   20                                      
centos/php-56-centos7              Platform for building and running PHP 5.6 ap…   19                                      
pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev        CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag names…   10                                      
openshift/wildfly-101-centos7      A Centos7 based WildFly v10.1 image for use …   6                                       
openshift/jenkins-1-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based Jenkins v1.x ima…   4                                       
darksheer/centos                   Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly             3                                       [OK]
pivotaldata/centos                 Base centos, freshened up a little with a Do…   2                                       
pivotaldata/centos-mingw           Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile t…   2                                       
pivotaldata/centos-gcc-toolchain   CentOS with a toolchain, but unaffiliated wi…   1                                       
openshift/wildfly-81-centos7       A Centos7 based WildFly v8.1 image for use w…   1                                       
blacklabelops/centos               CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily!     1                                       [OK]
smartentry/centos                  centos with smartentry                          0                                       [OK]
jameseckersall/sonarr-centos       Sonarr on CentOS 7                              0                                       [OK]

10. Mgbe i kpebisiri ike na ihe oyiyi ịchọrọ ịgba ọsọ dabere na ihe ị chọrọ, budata ya na mpaghara site na iji iwu dị n'okpuru (na nke a, a na-ebudata ihe oyiyi CentOS ma jiri ya).

$ docker pull centos

Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a02a4930cb5d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest

11. Ka ịdepụta ihe oyiyi Docker niile dị na onye ọbịa gị gbasoro iwu a.

$ sudo docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        2 months ago        1.84kB
centos              latest              1e1148e4cc2c        3 months ago        202MB

12. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọghị ihe oyiyi Docker ọzọ ma ị nwere ike wepu ya site na iji iwu na-esonụ.

$ sudo docker rmi centos

Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: [email :184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426
Deleted: sha256:1e1148e4cc2c148c6890a18e3b2d2dde41a6745ceb4e5fe94a923d811bf82ddb
Deleted: sha256:071d8bd765171080d01682844524be57ac9883e53079b6ac66707e192ea25956

Gbaa igbe Docker na Ubuntu

13. Iji mepụta ma na-agba ọsọ Docker akpa, nke mbụ ị ga-ebu ụzọ mee iwu n'ime ihe oyiyi CentOS ebudatara, yabụ iwu bụ isi ga-abụ ịlele ụdị nkesa n'ime akpa ahụ site na iji iwu cat. , dị ka egosiri.

$ docker run centos cat /etc/issue

14. Iji mee ka akpa ahụ pụta ọzọ, nke mbụ ị ga-ebu ụzọ nweta ID ma ọ bụ Aha site na iji iwu na-esonụ, nke ga-egosipụta ndepụta nke ihe na-agba ọsọ na nkwụsị:

$ sudo docker ps -l

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS                          PORTS               NAMES
0ddfa81c5779        centos              "cat /etc/issue"    About a minute ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago                       elastic_shirley

15. Ozugbo enwetara ID ma ọ bụ Aha, ị nwere ike ịmalite akpa ahụ site na iji iwu a:

$ sudo docker start 0ddfa81c5779
OR
$ sudo docker start elastic_shirley

Ebe a, eriri 0ddfa81c5779 na-anọchite anya akpa ID yana elastic_shirley na-anọchi anya Aha akpa ahụ.

16. Iji kwụsị akpa na-agba ọsọ na-agba ọsọ docker stop iwu site na ịkọwapụta ID ma ọ bụ Aha.

$ sudo docker stop 0ddfa81c5779
OR
$ sudo docker stop elastic_shirley

17. Ụzọ ka mma, ka ị ghara icheta ID akpa ahụ ga-abụ ịkọwa aha pụrụ iche maka akpa ọ bụla ị mepụtara site na iji - aha nhọrọ dị ka egosiri.

$ docker run --name myname centos cat /etc/issue

18. Iji jikọọ ma na-agba ọsọ Linux iwu n'ime akpa na-enye ndị a iwu.

$ docker run -it centos bash

 uname -a
Linux 6213ec547863 5.0.0-050000-generic #201903032031 SMP Mon Mar 4 01:33:18 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
 cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 

19. Iji kwụsị ma laghachi na nnabata site na nnọkọ akpa na-agba ọsọ ị ga-ede iwu wepụ dị ka egosiri.

$ exit

Nke ahụ bụ ihe niile maka nhazi akpa akpa. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ kwuo gbasara akụkọ a, jiri ụdị nzaghachi dị n'okpuru ka iru anyị.