10 tr Ihe Nlereanya Iwu na Linux
tr (obere maka ntụgharị asụsụ) bụ uru ahịrị iwu bara uru nke na-atụgharị na/ma ọ bụ hichapụ mkpụrụedemede na ntinye stdin, na-edekwa stdout. Ọ bụ mmemme bara uru maka ijikwa ederede na ahịrị iwu.
N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-akọwa ụfọdụ ihe atụ iwu tr bara uru maka Linux newbies.
Okwu syntax maka ịgba ọsọ tr iwu bụ nke a, ebe a na-atụgharị mkpụrụedemede na SET1 ka ọ bụrụ mkpụrụedemede na SET2.
$ tr flags [SET1] [SET2]
Ihe atụ Linux tr Command
1. A mfe tr iwu ojiji ikpe bụ ịgbanwe niile obere mkpụrụedemede na ederede na nnukwu na vice versa, dị ka egosiri n'okpuru.
$ cat linux.txt linux is my life linux has changed my life linux is best and everthing to me..:)
$ cat domains.txt | tr [:lower:] [:upper:] LINUX IS MY LIFE LINUX HAS CHANGED MY LIFE LINUX IS BEST AND EVERTHING TO ME..:)
2. N'aka nke ọzọ, ịnwere ike iji iwu na-esonụ iji gbanwee mkpụrụedemede obere obere ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu n'ime faịlụ dị ka egosiri.
$ cat linux.txt | tr [a-z] [A-Z] LINUX IS MY LIFE LINUX HAS CHANGED MY LIFE LINUX IS BEST AND EVERTHING TO ME..:)
3. Ka ịchekwaa rịzọlt e dere na stdout na faịlụ maka nhazi ọzọ, jiri nrụgharị nrụpụta shei (>)
dị ka egosiri.
$ cat linux.txt | tr [a-z] [A-Z] >output.txt $ cat output.txt LINUX IS MY LIFE LINUX HAS CHANGED MY LIFE LINUX IS BEST AND EVERTHING TO ME..:)
4. N'ihe gbasara redirection, ị nwere ike izipu ntinye aka na tr site na iji ntinye ntinye ntinye ma redirect mmepụta na faịlụ site na iji otu iwu ahụ, dị ka egosiri.
$ tr [a-z] [A-Z] < linux.txt >output.txt
5. Akụkụ ọzọ bara uru bụ, ị nwere ike iji ọkọlọtọ -d
ihichapụ mkpụrụedemede, dịka ọmụmaatụ iji wepu oghere dị na ngalaba aha site na iji iwu a.
$ cat domains.txt www. tecmint. com www. fossmint. com www. linuxsay. com
$ cat domains.txt | tr -d '' linux-console.net www.fossmint.com www.linuxsay.com
6. Ọ bụrụ na enwere mkpụrụedemede ugboro ugboro n'usoro (dịka ọmụmaatụ oghere abụọ) na ederede ị na-ahazi, ịnwere ike iji nhọrọ -s
kpachie mkpụrụedemede na-ahapụ naanị otu ihe mere ya.
$ cat domains.txt www.tecmint.....com www.fossmint.com www.linuxsay.com
$ cat domains.txt | tr -s '' linux-console.net www.fossmint.com www.linuxsay.com
7. Nhọrọ -c
na-agwa tr ka o jiri mmeju na enyere SET. N'ihe atụ a, anyị chọrọ ihichapụ mkpụrụedemede niile wee hapụ naanị UID.
$ echo "My UID is $UID" | tr -cd "[:digit:]\n" OR $ echo "My UID is $UID" | tr -d "a-zA-Z"
8. Nke a bụ ihe atụ nke imebi otu ahịrị okwu (ahịrịokwu) n'ọtụtụ ahịrị, ebe okwu ọ bụla pụtara n'ahịrị dị iche.
$ echo "My UID is $UID" My UID is 1000 $ echo "My UID is $UID" | tr " " "\n" My UID is 1000
9. N'ihe metụtara ọmụmaatụ gara aga, ị nwekwara ike ịtụgharị ọtụtụ ahịrị okwu n'otu ahịrịokwu dịka egosiri.
$ cat uid.txt My UID is 1000 $ tr "\n" " " < uid.txt My UID is 1000
10. Ọ nwekwara ike ịtụgharị naanị otu mkpụrụedemede, dịka ọmụmaatụ oghere n'ime mkpụrụedemede \: ”
, dịka ndị a.
$ echo "linux-console.net =>Linux-HowTos,Guides,Tutorials" | tr " " ":" linux-console.net:=>Linux-HowTos,Guides,Tutorials
Enwere ọtụtụ mkpụrụedemede usoro ị nwere ike iji na tr, maka ozi ndị ọzọ, lee ibe tr man.
$ man tr
Ọ gwụla! tr bụ iwu bara uru maka ịmegharị ederede na ahịrị iwu. N'ime ntuziaka a, anyị gosiri ụfọdụ ihe atụ ojiji tr iwu bara uru maka ndị ọhụrụ Linux. Ị nwere ike ịkọrọ anyị echiche gị site na ụdị nkọwa n'okpuru.