Ngwa nlekota bandwit 17 bara uru iji nyochaa ojiji netwọkụ na Linux


Ị na-enwe nsogbu ịlele ojiji bandwidth netwọk Linux gị? Ị chọrọ enyemaka? Ọ dị mkpa ka ị nwee ike iji anya nke uche hụ ihe na-eme na netwọkụ gị iji ghọta na dozie ihe ọ bụla na-eme ka netwọkụ kwụsịlata ma ọ bụ naanị ileba anya na netwọkụ gị.

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-enyocha 17 ngwaọrụ nlekota bandwidth bara uru iji nyochaa ojiji netwọk na sistemụ Linux.

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-achọ ijikwa, dozie nsogbu ma ọ bụ mebie netwọkụ gị, wee gụọ akụkọ anyị - 22 Linux Networking Commands for Sysadmins

Ngwa ndị edepụtara n'okpuru bụ isi mmalite mepere emepe ma nwee ike inyere gị aka ịza ajụjụ ndị dị ka gịnị kpatara netwọk ji eji nwayọ taa?. Edemede a na-agụnye ngwakọta nke obere ngwaọrụ maka nlekota bandwidth na otu Linux igwe na ngwọta nlekota zuru ezu nke nwere ike ijikwa ọnụọgụ ole na ole nke ndị ọbịa na LAN (Local Area Network) na ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa ọbụna na WAN (Wide Area Network).

Site24x7's NetFlow Analyzer - Nleba anya okporo ụzọ netwọkụ

Site24x7's NetFlow Analyzer bụ okporo ụzọ netwọkụ dabere na igwe ojii yana ngwaọrụ nlekota bandwit nke na-enyocha isi mmalite gị na ngwaọrụ ebe ị na-aga, oghere ha, yana okporo ụzọ na-agafe na ha.

Hazie ụkpụrụ ọnụ ụzọ maka metric igodo niile, dị ka okporo ụzọ mbata, okporo ụzọ apụ apụ, na ojiji bandwit, wee nata ọkwa ozugbo mgbe ngafe gafere.

NetFlow Analyzer na-enyocha eruba dabere na teknụzụ dị iche iche, dị ka NetFlow, sFlow, na J-Flow. Ị nwere ike nweta ọhụhụ zuru oke n'ime bandwit netwọk nwere stats na okporo ụzọ kacha elu, ngwa kachasị elu na mkparịta ụka kachasị elu. Chọpụta bandwit hogs, dozie ha, wee kwalite arụmọrụ netwọk gị site na iji ngwa nleba anya bandwidth netwọk Site24x7.

JikwaaEngine Netflow Analyzer

achọpụta bandwit hogs.

Ị nwere ike soro usoro okporo ụzọ dị na netwọk gị n'ime oge ọ bụla, wee tinyekwuo n'ime ngwaọrụ, interface, ngwa na nkọwa ọkwa onye ọrụ. Site na ikike ịkpụzi okporo ụzọ ya, NetFlow Analyzer na-enyere gị aka ịchọpụta nsogbu netwọkụ ozugbo wee dozie ha tupu ha emetụta ndị ọrụ njedebe gị.

Site na akụkọ ya nwere ike ịhazi ya, NetFlow Analyzer na-enyekwara gị aka ịkọ ma hazie ihe achọrọ bandwidth gị. Ị nwere ike ịmepụta, hazie, na ịmepụta akụkọ nyocha bandwidth zuru oke n'ime obere ọpịpị ole na ole.

1. vnStat – Ihe nleba anya okporo ụzọ netwọkụ

VnStat bụ mmemme dabara n'ahịrị n'ụzọ zuru oke iji nyochaa okporo ụzọ netwọkụ Linux na ojiji bandwit n'oge, na sistemụ Linux na BSD.

Otu uru ọ nwere karịa ngwá ọrụ yiri ya bụ na ọ na-edekọ okporo ụzọ netwọkụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ojiji bandwidth maka nyocha ọzọ - nke a bụ omume ndabara ya. Ị nwere ike ịlele ndekọ ndị a ọbụlagodi mgbe usoro reboots gasịrị.

$ sudo yum install sysstat      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install sysstat      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install sysstat  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S sysstat        [On Arch Linux]

2. iftop - Na-egosiputa ojiji bandwit

Ngwá ọrụ nlebanya bandwidth netwọkụ nke dabere n'usoro iwu dị elu, nke a na-eji nweta nyocha ngwa ngwa nke mmemme netwọkụ na interface. Ọ na-egosiputa mmelite bandwidth ojiji netwọkụ ọ bụla 2, 10, na 40 sekọnd na nkezi.

$ sudo yum install iftop      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install iftop      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install iftop  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S iftop        [On Arch Linux]

3. nload - Na-egosiputa ojiji netwọk

nload bụ ngwá ọrụ ahịrị iwu ọzọ dị mfe, dị mfe iji nyochaa okporo ụzọ netwọkụ na ojiji bandwit n'oge. Ọ na-eji eserese iji nyere gị aka nyochaa okporo ụzọ mbata na ọpụpụ. Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-egosiputa ozi dị ka ngụkọta ego nke data bufere yana min/max ojiji netwọk.

$ sudo yum install nload      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install nload      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install nload  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S nload        [On Arch Linux]

4. NetHogs – Nyochaa netwọk okporo ụzọ bandwit

NetHogs bụ obere ihe dị elu, nke dabere na ederede iji nyochaa ojiji bandwidth okporo ụzọ netwọkụ n'ezie site na usoro ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ngwa na-agba ọsọ na sistemụ Linux. Ọ na-enye ọnụ ọgụgụ ozugbo nke ojiji bandwit netwọk gị na usoro ọ bụla.

$ sudo yum install nethogs      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install nethogs      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install nethogs  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S nethogs        [On Arch Linux]

5. bmon – Ihe nleba anya bandwit na ọnụ ọgụgụ

bmon bụkwa ngwa ahịrị iwu kwụ ọtọ maka nyochaa ojiji bandwidth netwọkụ yana ihe nleba anya ọnụego, na Linux. Ọ na-ejide ọnụ ọgụgụ netwọkụ ma jiri anya ya hụ ya na usoro enyi mmadụ ka i wee nwee ike ilekwasị anya na sistemụ gị.

$ sudo yum install bmon      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install bmon      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install bmon  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S bmon        [On Arch Linux]

6. Darkstat - Na-ejide okporo ụzọ netwọkụ

Darkstat bụ obere, dị mfe, obe-ikpo okwu, ezigbo oge, onye nyocha okporo ụzọ netwọkụ dabere na webụ nke ọma. Ọ bụ ngwaọrụ nleba anya ọnụ ọgụgụ netwọkụ na-arụ ọrụ site na ijide okporo ụzọ netwọkụ, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ojiji kọmputa, ma na-eje ozi na akụkọ HTTP n'ụdị eserese. Ị nwekwara ike iji ya site na ahịrị iwu iji nweta otu nsonaazụ ahụ.

$ sudo yum install darkstat      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install darkstat      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install darkstat  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S darkstat        [On Arch Linux]

7. IPTraf – Ihe nleba anya netwọkụ IP

IPTraf bụ ihe dị mfe iji, ncurses dabeere na nhazi ngwá ọrụ maka nyochaa okporo ụzọ netwọk na-abata na nke na-apụ na-agafe na interface. Ọ bara uru maka nlekota okporo ụzọ IP, na ilele ọnụ ọgụgụ interface n'ozuzu, ọnụ ọgụgụ interface zuru ezu na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

$ sudo yum install iptraf      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install iptraf      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install iptraf  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S iptraf        [On Arch Linux]

8. CBM – (Agba bandwit mita)

CBM bụ obere akara iwu maka igosipụta okporo ụzọ netwọkụ dị ugbu a na ngwaọrụ niile ejikọtara na mmepụta agba na Ubuntu Linux na ihe nrụpụta ya dị ka Linux Mint, Lubuntu, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-egosi interface netwọk ọ bụla ejikọrọ, bytes natara, nnyefe bytes, yana mkpokọta bytes, na-enye gị ohere inyocha bandwidth netwọk.

$ sudo yum install cbm      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install cbm      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install cbm  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S cbm        [On Arch Linux]

9. Iperf/Iperf3 - Ngwá Ọrụ Nleba Bandwidth Network

Iperf/Iperf3 bụ ngwá ọrụ dị ike maka ịlele ntinye netwọkụ n'elu protocols dị ka TCP, UDP na SCTP. Ewubere ya nke ọma iji nyere aka n'imezi njikọ TCP n'otu ụzọ, yabụ ọ bara uru maka ịnwale na nyochaa bandwidth kachasị na netwọk IP (na-akwado ma IPv4 na IPv6).

Ọ na-achọ ihe nkesa na onye ahịa ka ọ mee ule (nke na-akọ bandwidth, ọnwụ na parampat arụmọrụ netwọk ndị ọzọ bara uru).

$ sudo yum install iperf3      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install iperf3      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install iperf3  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S iperf3        [On Arch Linux]

10. Netperf - Nnwale bandwit netwọk

Netperf yiri iperf, maka ịnwale arụmọrụ netwọkụ. Ọ nwere ike inye aka na nlekota bandwidth netwọkụ na Linux site na ịlele nnyefe data site na iji TCP, UDP. Ọ na-akwado nha site na Berkeley Sockets interface, DLPI, Unix Domain Sockets, na ọtụtụ oghere ndị ọzọ. Ị chọrọ ihe nkesa na onye ahịa iji mee ule.

$ sudo yum install netperf      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install netperf      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install netperf  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S netperf        [On Arch Linux]

11. SARG - squid Analysis Report Generator

SARG bụ ihe nyocha faịlụ ndekọ squid yana ngwa nleba anya bandwidth ịntanetị. Ọ na-ewepụta akụkọ HTML bara uru yana ozi gụnyere mana ọnweghị oke na adreesị IP, yana mkpokọta bandwidth ojiji. Ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ dị mma maka nyochaa ojiji bandwidth ịntanetị site na igwe mmadụ n'otu n'otu na otu netwọkụ.

Maka ntuziaka nrụnye na ojiji, lelee akụkọ anyị – Otu esi etinye SARG iji nyochaa ojiji bandwit ịntanetị Squid.

12. Monitorix - Ngwaọrụ na nlekota netwọkụ

Monitorix bụ akụrụngwa sistemụ dị fechaa yana ngwa nleba anya netwọkụ, emebere ya maka obere sava Linux/Unix wee bịa na nkwado dị ịtụnanya maka ngwaọrụ etinyere.

Ọ na-enyere gị aka nyochaa okporo ụzọ netwọkụ yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ojiji sitere na ọnụọgụ ngwaọrụ netwọk na-akparaghị ókè. Ọ na-akwado njikọ IPv4 na IPv6 gụnyere okporo ụzọ ngwugwu na eserese njehie okporo ụzọ ma na-akwado ihe ruru diski 9 kwa netwọkụ.

Wụnye Monitorix na Linux

$ sudo yum install monitorix      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install monitorix      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install monitorix  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S monitorix        [On Arch Linux]

13. Cacti - Ngwaọrụ nlekota na eserese netwọkụ

Cacti bụ ngwa PHP na-esepụta eserese netwọkụ dabere na webụ nwere njiri nghọta, dị mfe iji. Ọ na-eji nchekwa data MySQL maka ịchekwa data arụmọrụ netwọkụ anakọtara, ejiri mepụta eserese ahaziri iche. Ọ bụ ihu n'ihu na RRDTool, bara uru maka nyochaa obere netwọkụ dị mgbagwoju anya nwere ọtụtụ puku ngwaọrụ.

Maka ntuziaka nwụnye na ojiji, lelee akụkọ anyị - Wụnye Cacti (Nleba anya netwọkụ) na Linux.

14. Observium – Network Monitoring Platform

Observium bụ ikpo okwu nlebanya netwọkụ gosipụtara nke ọma nwere ọmarịcha ma dị ike, siri ike ma dịkwa mfe ma nwee nghọta. Ọ na-akwado ọtụtụ nyiwe gụnyere, Linux, Windows, FreeBSD, Cisco, HP, Dell, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, na-agụnye autodetection nke ngwaọrụ. Ọ na-enyere ndị ọrụ aka ịchịkọta metrik netwọk ma na-enye eserese nke metric ngwaọrụ nwere ọgụgụ isi site na data arụmọrụ anakọtara.

Maka ntuziaka nrụnye na ojiji, lelee akụkọ anyị - Otu esi etinye Observium - Sistemụ njikwa na nlekota netwọkụ zuru oke.

15. Zabbix - Ngwa na Ngwaọrụ nlekota oru netwọk

Zabbix bụ njiri mara ọgaranya, ikpo okwu nlekota netwọkụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe, emebere ya na ụdị ihe nkesa-ahịa, iji nyochaa netwọkụ, sava, na ngwa ozugbo. Ọ na-anakọta ụdị data dị iche iche a na-eji maka ngosipụta anya nke arụmọrụ netwọkụ ma ọ bụ ibu metric nke ngwaọrụ elele anya.

Ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ na usoro ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet nke ọma dị ka HTTP, FTP, SMTP, IMAP, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, na-enweghị mkpa ịwụnye ngwanrọ ọzọ na ngwaọrụ nyocha.

Maka ntuziaka nrụnye na ojiji, lelee akụkọ anyị - Otu esi etinye Zabbix - Ngwọta nlekota netwọkụ zuru oke maka Linux.

16. Nagios - Nyochaa Sistemu, netwọkụ, na akụrụngwa

Nagios bụ sọftụwia nleba anya siri ike, dị ike, bara ụba na nke ejiri ọtụtụ ebe. Ọ na-enye gị ohere inyocha ngwaọrụ netwọk mpaghara na nke dịpụrụ adịpụ na ọrụ ha site na otu windo.

Ọ na-enye nlekota bandwit na ngwaọrụ netwọk dị ka switches na Routers site na SNMP si otú ahụ na-enye gị ohere ịchọpụta ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe, na-akọwapụta ndị na-emetọ netwọk nwere ike.

Na mgbakwunye, Nagios na-enyekwara gị aka ilekwasị anya na iji bandwidth na njehie ọ bụla ma na-akwado nchọpụta ngwa ngwa nke nkwụsị netwọk na ọdịda protocol.

Maka ntuziaka nwụnye na ojiji, lelee akụkọ anyị - Otu esi etinye Nagios - Ngwọta nlekota akụrụngwa IT zuru oke maka Linux.

N'ime edemede a, anyị enyochala ọtụtụ bandwidth netwọk bara uru na ngwaọrụ nlekota sistemụ maka Linux. Ọ bụrụ na anyị agbagharala gụnyere ngwaọrụ nleba anya ọ bụla na listi ahụ, kekọrịta anyị na ụdị nkọwa n'okpuru.