Otu esi etinye ma jiri PostgreSQL na Ubuntu 18.04

PostgreSQL (Postgres na nkenke) bụ isi mmalite mepere emepe, dị ike, dị elu, arụmọrụ dị elu yana sistemụ nchekwa data mmekọrịta siri ike. Ọ na-eji ma kwalite asụsụ SQL yana ọtụtụ atụmatụ maka nchekwa na njikwa data echekwara.

Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, ma nwee ike ịgbatị maka ijikwa nnukwu data gbagwojuru anya na ịtọlite ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ na gburugburu ebe mmejọ na-anabataghị, ebe ọ na-ahụ na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe dị elu. Postgres bụkwa nke ukwuu na njirimara dị ka ndeksi na-abịa na API ka ị nwee ike ịmepụta ụzọ nke gị iji dozie ihe ịma aka nchekwa data gị.

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-akọwa otu esi etinye PostgreSQL na ihe nkesa Ubuntu 18.04 (na-arụkwa ọrụ na mwepụta Ubuntu ochie) wee mụta ụfọdụ ụzọ isi jiri ya.

Otu esi etinye PostgreSQL na Ubuntu

Nke mbụ, mepụta faịlụ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list nke na-echekwa nhazi ebe nchekwa, wee bubata igodo nchekwa na sistemụ gị, melite ndepụta ngwugwu sistemụ gị wee wụnye ngwugwu Postgres site na iji iwu ndị a.

$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list'
$ sudo apt install wget ca-certificates
$ wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install postgresql-10 pgadmin4 

Ozugbo etinyere postgres, ọrụ nchekwa data malitere na akpaghị aka ma ị nwere ike kwado ya site na ịpị iwu.

$ sudo systemctl status postgresql.service

Otu esi eji ọrụ PostgreSQL na ọdụ data

Na postgres, faịlụ nhazi /etc/postgresql/10/main/pg_hba.conf na-achịkwa njirimara ndị ahịa. Usoro nyocha nke ndabara bụ \ọgbọ maka onye na-ahụ maka nchekwa data, nke pụtara na ọ na-enweta aha njirimara sistemụ arụmọrụ nke onye ahịa site na sistemụ ma lelee ma ọ dabara na aha njirimara nchekwa data achọrọ iji nye ohere, maka njikọ mpaghara (dị ka egosiri na ndị a). nseta ihuenyo).

N'oge usoro nrụnye, e mepụtara akaụntụ onye ọrụ sistemụ a na-akpọ postgres na-enweghị paswọọdụ, nke a bụkwa aha njirimara onye nchịkwa nchekwa data ndabere.

$ sudo vim /etc/postgresql/10/main/pg_hba.conf

Na mgbakwunye, n'okpuru postgres nchekwa data ohere njikwa ikike a na-arụ site na ọrụ. Enwere ike ịtụle ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ nchekwa data, ma ọ bụ otu ndị ọrụ nchekwa data, dabere n'otú e si hazie ọrụ ahụ.

Ọrụ ndabara bụkwa postgres. N'ụzọ dị mkpa, ọrụ nchekwa data enweghị njikọ zuru oke na ndị ọrụ sistemụ arụmọrụ, mana ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị adị iche (dịka ọmụmaatụ ma a bịa na njirimara ndị ahịa).

N'ụzọ dị mkpa, ọrụ nwere ike ịnwe ihe nchekwa data, ma nwee ike inye ohere na ihe ndị ahụ na ọrụ ndị ọzọ iji chịkwaa onye nwere ike ịnweta ihe. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ịnye onye otu n'ọrụ maka ọrụ ọzọ.

Iji hazie ọrụ ndị ọzọ iji jiri okwuntughe ezoro ezo iji jikwaa ọdụ data ekenyere ha, ewezuga ọrụ postgres ndabara, ịkwesịrị ịgbanwe ahịrị ka ọ bụrụ.

Then restart the postgresql service to apply the recent changes.

$ sudo systemctl restart postgresql

Otu esi eji PostgreSQL na Ubuntu

Ozugbo emebere ihe niile, ị nwere ike ịnweta akaụntụ sistemụ postgres site na iwu na-esonụ, ebe ọkọlọtọ -i na-agwa sudo ka ọ na-agba ọsọ shei akọwapụtara site na ntinye nchekwa data paswọọdụ onye ọrụ dị ka shei nbanye.

$ sudo -i -u postgres 
$ psql		#to launch the postgres shell program  
postgres=#

Iji nweta shei postgres ozugbo, na-ebughị ụzọ nweta akaụntụ onye ọrụ postgres, mee iwu a.

$ sudo -i -u postgres psql

Ị nwere ike ịkwụsị/pụọ na postgres site na ịpị iwu na-esonụ.

postgres=# \q

Mepụta ọrụ onye ọrụ ọhụrụ site na iji iwu a.

postgres=# CREATE ROLE tecmint;

Iji jiri njirimara LOGIN mepụta ọrụ, jiri iwu na-esonụ (ọrụ nwere njirimara LOGIN nwere ike were dịka ndị ọrụ nchekwa data).

postgres=#CREATE ROLE tecmint LOGIN;
OR
postgres=#CREATE USER name;	#assumes login function by default

Enwere ike iji okwuntughe mepụta ọrụ, nke a bara uru ma ọ bụrụ na ị haziri usoro njirimara onye ahịa ka ị rịọ ndị ọrụ ka ha weta paswọọdụ ezoro ezo mgbe ị na-ejikọ na nchekwa data.

postgres=#CREATE ROLE tecmint PASSWORD 'passwd_here'

Ka ịdepụta ọrụ onye ọrụ dị, jiri nke ọ bụla n'ime iwu ndị a.

postgres=# \du 				#shows actual users
OR
postgres=# SELECT rolname FROM pg_roles;

Ka ịhapụ ọrụ onye ọrụ ọ bụla dị, jiri iwu DROP ROLE dị ka egosiri.

postgres=# DROP ROLE tecmint;

Ozugbo ịmepụtara ọrụ nwere aha (dịka ọmụmaatụ onye ọrụ tecmint), ị nwere ike ịmepụta nchekwa data (nwere otu aha ahụ dị ka ọrụ ahụ) nke ọrụ ahụ ga-ejikwa dịka egosiri.

postgres=# CREATE DATABASE tecmint;

Ugbu a iji jikwaa tecmint nchekwa data, nweta shei postgres dị ka ọrụ tecmint, nye paswọọdụ gị dị ka ndị a.

$ sudo -i -u tecmint psql

Ịmepụta tebụl dị nnọọ mfe, anyị ga-emepụta tebụl ule a na-akpọ ndị edemede, nke na-echekwa ozi gbasara ndị edemede TecMint.com, dị ka egosiri.

tecmint=>CREATE TABLE authors (
    code      char(5) NOT NULL,
    name    varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    city varchar(40) NOT NULL
    joined_on date NOT NULL,	
    PRIMARY KEY (code)
);

Mgbe ịmepụtachara tebụl, gbalịa jiri ụfọdụ data mejupụta ya, dị ka ndị a.

tecmint=> INSERT INTO authors VALUES(1,'Ravi Saive','Mumbai','2012-08-15');

Ka ilele data echekwara na tebụl, ị nwere ike ịme iwu SELECT.

tecmint=> SELECT * FROM authors;

Ị nwere ike depụta tebụl niile dị na nchekwa data dị ugbu a site na iji iwu a.

tecmint=>\dt

Ka ihichapụ tebụl na nchekwa data dị ugbu a, jiri iwu DROP.

tecmint=> DROP TABLE authors;

Ka ịdepụta ọdụ data niile, jiri nke ọ bụla n'ime iwu ndị a.

tecmint=>SELECT datname FROM pg_database;
OR
tecmint=>\list	#shows a detailed description 
OR
tecmint=>\l

Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ihichapụ nchekwa data, jiri iwu DROP, dịka ọmụmaatụ.

tecmint=>DROP DATABASE tecmint;

Ị nwekwara ike ịgbanwe site n'otu nchekwa data gaa na nke ọzọ n'ụzọ dị mfe site na iji iwu na-esonụ.

tecmint=>\connect database_name

Maka ozi ndị ọzọ, rụtụ aka na akwụkwọ PostgreSQL 10.4.

Nke ahụ bụ maka ugbu a! N'ime edemede a, anyị akọwala otu esi etinye ma jiri PostgreSQL sistemụ nchekwa data na Ubuntu 18.04. Ị nwere ike izipu anyị ajụjụ ma ọ bụ echiche gị na nkọwa.