Otu esi emekọrịta oge na NTP na Linux

Usoro oge netwọkụ (NTP) bụ protocol eji emekọrịta elekere sistemụ kọmputa na-akpaghị aka na netwọkụ. Igwe ahụ nwere ike iji elekere sistemụ jiri Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) karịa oge mpaghara.

Ịdebe oge ziri ezi na sistemụ Linux karịsịa sava bụ ọrụ dị mkpa maka ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na mpaghara netwọk, achọrọ idebe oge ziri ezi maka akara oge ziri ezi na ngwugwu na ndekọ usoro maka nyocha ihe kpatara mgbọrọgwụ, ikpebi mgbe nsogbu mere, na ịchọta njikọ.

Chrony bụ ngwugwu mmejuputa NTP ndabara na ụdị sistemụ arụmọrụ Linux kachasị ọhụrụ dị ka CentOS, RHEL, Fedora na Ubuntu/Debian n'etiti ndị ọzọ wee bịa na ndabara etinyere ya. Ngwungwu ahụ nwere chronyd, daemon nke na-agba na ebe ọrụ, yana chronyc usoro ahịrị iwu maka nlekota na ịchịkwa chronyd.

Chrony bụ mmejuputa NTP dị iche iche ma na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ụdị ọnọdụ dị iche iche (lelee ntụnyere nke suite chrony na mmejuputa NTP ndị ọzọ). Enwere ike iji ya mekọrịta elekere sistemụ na sava NTP (ime ihe dị ka onye ahịa), yana elekere ntụaka (dịka nnata GPS), ma ọ bụ jiri ntinye oge ntuziaka. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe nkesa NTPv4 (RFC 5905) ma ọ bụ ndị ọgbọ iji nye ọrụ oge na kọmputa ndị ọzọ na netwọk.

N'ime edemede a, ị ga-amụta otu esi emekọrịta oge nkesa na NTP na Linux site na iji chrony.

Ịwụnye Chrony na Linux Server

N'ọtụtụ sistemụ Linux, anaghị etinye iwu oge na ndabara. Iji wụnye ya, mebie iwu dị n'okpuru.

$ sudo apt-get install chrony    [On Debian/Ubuntu]
$ sudo yum  install chrony       [On CentOS/RHEL]
$ sudo dnf install chrony        [On Fedora 22+]

Ozugbo echichi ahụ mechara, malite ọrụ chrony ma mee ka ọ malite na-akpaghị aka na boot system, wee lelee ma ọ dị elu ma na-arụ ọrụ.

# systemctl enable --now chronyd
# systemctl status chronyd

Iji lelee ma chrony dị ugbu a ma na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma yana ịhụ ọnụọgụ nke sava na ndị ọgbọ ejikọrọ na ya, mee iwu chronyc na-esonụ.

# chronyc activity

Na-enyocha mmekọrịta Chrony

Iji gosi ozi (ndepụta nke sava dị, ọkwa, na nkwụsị sitere na elekere mpaghara na isi mmalite) gbasara isi mmalite oge ugbu a chronyd na-enweta, jiri ọkọlọtọ -v mee iwu a na-egosi nkọwa. maka kọlụm ọ bụla.

# chronyc sources
OR
# chronyc sources -v

Banyere iwu gara aga, iji gosipụta ozi ndị ọzọ bara uru maka isi mmalite ọ bụla nke chronyd na-enyocha ugbu a (dị ka usoro nleba anya na nkwụghachi ụgwọ), jiri iwu Sourcetats.

# chronyc sourcestats
OR
# chronyc sourcestats -v

Ka ịlele nsochi oge, gbaa iwu a.

# chronyc tracking

Na mmepụta nke iwu a, NJ ntụaka na-akọwapụta aha (ma ọ bụ adreesị IP) ọ bụrụ na ọ dị, nke ihe nkesa nke kọmputa na-emekọrịtara ugbu a, n'ime sava niile dị.

Na-ahazi isi mmalite Oge Oge

Isi faịlụ nhazi chrony dị na /etc/chrony.conf (CentOS/RHEL/Fedora) ma ọ bụ /etc/chrony/chrony.conf (Ubuntu/Debian).

Mgbe ị na-etinye Linux OS na igwe ojii, sistemụ gị kwesịrị ịnwe ụfọdụ sava ndabara ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri nke agbakwunyere n'oge usoro nrụnye. Ka ịgbakwunye ma ọ bụ gbanwee sava ndabara, mepee faịlụ nhazi maka edezi:

# vim /etc/chrony.conf
OR
# vim /etc/chrony/chrony.conf

Ịnwere ike ịgbakwunye ọtụtụ sava site na iji ntuziaka nkesa dịka egosiri.

server 0.europe.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 1.europe.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 2.europe.pool.ntp.org ibusrt
server 3.europe.pool.ntp.org ibusrt

ma ọ bụ n'ọtụtụ oge, ọ kacha mma iji ntppool.org ịchọta ihe nkesa NTP. Nke a na-enye ohere ka usoro ahụ gbalịa ịchọta sava kacha nso maka gị. Ka ịgbakwunye ọdọ mmiri, jiri ntuziaka ọdọ mmiri:

pool 0.pool.ntp.org burst

Enwere ọtụtụ nhọrọ ndị ọzọ ị nwere ike ịhazi na faịlụ ahụ. Mgbe ịmechara mgbanwe, malitegharịa ọrụ chrony.

$ sudo systemctl restart chrony		
OR
# systemctl restart chronyd

Iji gosi ozi gbasara isi mmalite oge dị ugbu a chronyd na-ajụ ajụjụ, gbasoo iwu a ọzọ.

# chronyc sources

Ka ịlele ọnọdụ nsochi oge, gbasoo iwu a.

# chronyc tracking

Iji gosi oge dị ugbu a na sistemụ gị, lelee ma ọ na-emekọrịta ihe elekere sistemụ yana ma NTP ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ezie, mee usoro timedatectl:

# timedatectl

Nke ahụ na-eduga anyị na njedebe nke ntuziaka a. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ọ bụla, kpọtụrụ anyị site na ngalaba nkọwa n'okpuru. Maka ozi ndị ọzọ, lelee: iji chrony hazie NTP site na blọọgụ gọọmentị Ubuntu.