Otu esi ehichapụ kernel ochie ejighi na Debian na Ubuntu
N'edemede ikpeazụ anyị, anyị akọwala otu esi ehichapụ kernel ochie ejighi ya na CentOS/RHEL/Fedora. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-akọwa otu esi ehichapụ kernel ochie na-ejighị ya na sistemụ Debian na Ubuntu, mana tupu ịga n'ihu, ị nwere ike ịwụnye ụdị kachasị ọhụrụ iji nweta uru: ndozi nchekwa, ọrụ kernel ọhụrụ, ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala emelitere na ihe ndị ọzọ. ọtụtụ ihe ọzọ.
Iji kwalite kernel gị gaa na ụdị kachasị ọhụrụ na Ubuntu na Debian, soro ntuziaka a:
- Etu esi ebulite kernel ka ọ bụrụ ụdị kacha ọhụrụ na Ubuntu
Ihe dị mkpa: Ọ dị mma idowe opekata mpe otu kernel ochie ma ọ bụ abụọ ka ọ daa azụ ma ọ bụrụ na enwere nsogbu na mmelite.
Iji chọpụta ụdị kernel Linux dị ugbu a na-agba na sistemụ gị, jiri iwu a.
$ uname -sr Linux 4.12.0-041200-generic
Ka ịdepụta kernel niile arụnyere na sistemụ gị, nye iwu a.
$ dpkg -l | grep linux-image | awk '{print$2}'
linux-image-4.12.0-041200-generic
linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-22-generic
linux-image-generic
Wepu kernel ochie anaghị eji na Debian na Ubuntu
Gbaa iwu ndị dị n'okpuru iji wepu otu linux-image yana faịlụ nhazi ya, wee melite nhazi grub2, wee malitegharịa usoro ahụ n'ikpeazụ.
$ sudo apt remove --purge linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic $ sudo update-grub2 $ sudo reboot
[sudo] password for tecmint: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: linux-generic linux-headers-4.8.0-59 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-generic Suggested packages: fdutils linux-doc-4.8.0 | linux-source-4.8.0 linux-tools Recommended packages: thermald The following packages will be REMOVED: linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic* linux-image-extra-4.8.0-22-generic* The following NEW packages will be installed: linux-headers-4.8.0-59 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic The following packages will be upgraded: linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic 3 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 2 to remove and 182 not upgraded. Need to get 72.0 MB of archives. After this operation, 81.7 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.8.0-59 all 4.8.0-59.64 [10.2 MB] Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [811 kB] Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [1,782 B] Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [2,320 B] Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [23.6 MB] Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [37.4 MB] Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [2,348 B] Fetched 72.0 MB in 7min 12s (167 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.8.0-59. (Reading database ... 104895 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../0-linux-headers-4.8.0-59_4.8.0-59.64_all.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-4.8.0-59 (4.8.0-59.64) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic. Preparing to unpack .../1-linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic_4.8.0-59.64_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic (4.8.0-59.64) ... Preparing to unpack .../2-linux-generic_4.8.0.59.72_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-generic (4.8.0.59.72) over (4.8.0.22.31) ... Preparing to unpack .../3-linux-headers-generic_4.8.0.59.72_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-generic (4.8.0.59.72) over (4.8.0.22.31) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic. Preparing to unpack .../4-linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic_4.8.0-59.64_amd64.deb ... Done. Removing linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic (4.8.0-22.24) ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-22-generic update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-22-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 4.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-22-generic Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.12.0-041200-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.12.0-041200-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-59-generic done ...
Ọ bụ ezie na usoro a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, ọ bụ ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma iji ederede aka nke a na-akpọ byobu nke na-ejikọta iwu niile dị n'elu n'ime otu mmemme nwere nhọrọ bara uru dị ka ịkọwa nọmba kernels iji nọgide na usoro.
Wụnye ngwungwu script byobu nke na-enye mmemme a na-akpọ purge-old-kernels eji ewepu kernel ochie na ngwugwu nkụnye eji isi mee na sistemụ.
$ sudo apt install byobu
Wepụ kernel ochie dị ka nke a (iwu dị n'okpuru na-enye ohere idobe kernel 2 na sistemụ).
$ sudo purge-old-kernels --keep 2
Ị nwekwara ike ịmasị ịgụ akụkọ ndị a metụtara na Linux kernel.
- Otu esi ebudata na bupu modul kernel na Linux
- Otu esi agbanwe kernel Runtime Parameters n'ụzọ na-adịgide adịgide na nke anaghị adịgide adịgide
N'edemede a, anyị akọwara otu esi ewepu onyonyo kernel ochie ejighi ya na Ubuntu na sistemụ Debian. Ị nwere ike ịkekọrịta echiche ọ bụla site na nzaghachi si n'okpuru.