Wụnye Nginx na Ngx_Pagespeed (Speed Optimization) na Debian na Ubuntu
N'isiokwu ikpeazụ anyị, anyị gosiri otú e si eme Nginx ngwa ngwa na Ngx_Pagespeed na CentOS 7. N'ime nkuzi a, anyị ga-akọwa otu esi etinye Nginx na ngx_pagespeed na Debian na Ubuntu usoro iji melite arụmọrụ nke weebụsaịtị Nginx.
Nginx [engine x] bụ isi iyi mepere emepe, nke na-ewu ewu nkesa HTTP na-akwado ọtụtụ saịtị na webụ: amara nke ọma maka ịrụ ọrụ dị elu na nkwụsi ike ya. Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya, ozi jeneriki na ihe nkesa proxy TCP/UDP, enwere ike ibuga ya dị ka onye na-edozi ibu.
Ngx_pagespeed bụ Nginx modul bụ n'efu na mepere emepe nke ezubere maka ịkwalite ọsọ saịtị yana ibelata oge ibu ibe; ọ na-ebelata nke ukwuu oge ọ na-ewe maka ndị ọrụ ilele na imekọrịta ọdịnaya na saịtị gị.
- Nkwado HTTPS nwere njikwa URL.
- Njikwaa onyonyo: iwepụ meta-data, ngbanwe dị ike, mkpakọ.
- CSS na mbelata Javascript, njikọ, ntinye, na nkọwapụta.
- Obere ntinye akụrụngwa.
- Na-ebufe onyonyo na ntinye Javascript.
- HTML na-edegharị.
- Cache ndọtị ogologo ndụ.
- Na-enye ohere ịhazi maka ọtụtụ sava yana ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.
Kwụpụ 1: Nginx nwụnye site na Isi mmalite
1. Iji wụnye Nginx na ngx_pagespeed site na isi iyi achọrọ na-esote ngwugwu ka etinyere na sistemụ.
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential zlib1g-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev unzip
2. Na-esote, budata faịlụ iyi nke ụdị Nginx kachasị ọhụrụ (1.13.2 n'oge ederede) site na iji iwu wget wee wepụ faịlụ dị ka egosiri n'okpuru.
$ mkdir -p ~/make_nginx $ cd ~/make_nginx $ wget -c https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.2.tar.gz $ tar -xzvf nginx-1.13.2.tar.gz
3. Ọzọ, nweta faịlụ isi iyi ngx_pagespeed wee mepee faịlụ abịakọrọ dị ka nke a.
$ wget -c https://github.com/pagespeed/ngx_pagespeed/archive/v1.12.34.2-stable.zip $ unzip v1.12.34.2-stable.zip
4. Mgbe ahụ gaa n'ime akwụkwọ ndekọ aha ngx_pagespeed na-emeghe wee budata ọba akwụkwọ nkwalite PageSpeed iji chịkọta Nginx dị ka ndị a.
$ cd ngx_pagespeed-1.12.34.2-stable/ $ wget -c https://dl.google.com/dl/page-speed/psol/1.12.34.2-x64.tar.gz $ tar -xvzf 1.12.34.2-x64.tar.gz
Kwụpụ 2: Hazie wee chịkọta Nginx na Ngx_Pagespeed
5. Ọzọ gaa na nginx-1.13.2 ndekọ, ma hazie isi iyi Nginx site na iji iwu ndị a.
$ cd ~/make_nginx/nginx-1.13.2
$ ./configure --add-module=$HOME/make_nginx/ngx_pagespeed-1.12.34.2-stable/ ${PS_NGX_EXTRA_FLAGS}
6. Ọzọ, chịkọta ma wụnye Nginx dị ka ndị a.
$ make $ sudo make install
7. Mgbe usoro nrụnye mechara, mee iwu ndị dị n'okpuru ka ịmepụta symlinks dị mkpa maka Nginx.
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/nginx/conf/ /etc/nginx $ sudo ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx
Kwụpụ 3: Mepụta Nginx Unit File maka SystemD
8. Ebe a, ị ga-eji aka mepụta Nginx unit faịlụ ebe systemd bụ init usoro na ọhụrụ nsụgharị nke Debian na Ubuntu usoro.
Mbụ, mepụta faịlụ /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
$ sudo vi /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
Wee budata faịlụ NGINX systemd ọrụ mado nhazi faịlụ otu n'ime faịlụ ahụ.
[Unit] Description=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/var/run/nginx.pid ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
Chekwaa faịlụ ma mechie ya.
9. Ugbu a, malite ọrụ nginx maka oge a, ma mee ka ọ malite na boot boot site na iji iwu ndị dị n'okpuru.
$ sudo systemctl start nginx $ sudo systemctl enable nginx
Ihe dị mkpa: Mgbe ịmalitere ọrụ Nginx, ị nwere ike ịhụ njehie dịka egosiri na nseta ihuenyo dị n'okpuru.
systemd[1]: nginx.service: PID file /run/nginx.pid not readable (yet?) after start: No such file or directory
Iji dozie ya, mepee Nginx nhazi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf faịlụ ma tinye akara na-esonụ.
#pid logs/nginx.pid; to pid /run/nginx.pid;
N'ikpeazụ malitegharịa ọrụ nginx ọzọ.
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload $ sudo systemctl start nginx $ sudo systemctl status nginx
Kwụpụ 4: Hazie Nginx na Module Ọsọ ọsọ
10. Ugbu a arụnyere Nginx ma na-arụ ọrụ na sistemụ gị, ịkwesịrị ịme ka modul Ngx_pagespeed. Buru ụzọ mepụta ndekọ ebe modul ga-echekwa faịlụ maka webụsaịtị gị wee tọọ ikike kwesịrị ekwesị na ndekọ a dị ka ndị a.
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/ngx_pagespeed_cache $ sudo chown -R nobody:nogroup /var/ngx_pagespeed_cache
11. Iji mee ka modul Ngx_pagespeed, mepee faịlụ nhazi Nginx.
$ sudo vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
Tinye usoro nhazi Ngx_pagespeed n'ime ngọngọ nkesa.
# Pagespeed main settings
pagespeed on;
pagespeed FileCachePath /var/ngx_pagespeed_cache;
# Ensure requests for pagespeed optimized resources go to the pagespeed
# handler and no extraneous headers get set.
location ~ "\.pagespeed\.([a-z]\.)?[a-z]{2}\.[^.]{10}\.[^.]+" { add_header "" ""; }
location ~ "^/ngx_pagespeed_static/" { }
location ~ "^/ngx_pagespeed_beacon" { }
Cheta na: Ọ bụrụ na i tinyela nginx virtual hosts na ihe nkesa ahụ, gbakwunye ntuziaka ngwa ngwa dị n'elu na ngọngọ nkesa ọ bụla iji mee ka Ngx_pagespeed na saịtị ọ bụla.
Ihe na-esonụ bụ ihe atụ na-arụ ọrụ nke faịlụ nhazi Nginx nwere Ngx_pagespeed enyere aka na onye nnabata nke ndabara.
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
# Pagespeed main settings
pagespeed on;
pagespeed FileCachePath /var/ngx_pagespeed_cache;
# Ensure requests for pagespeed optimized resources go to the pagespeed
# handler and no extraneous headers get set.
location ~ "\.pagespeed\.([a-z]\.)?[a-z]{2}\.[^.]{10}\.[^.]+" { add_header "" ""; }
location ~ "^/ngx_pagespeed_static/" { }
location ~ "^/ngx_pagespeed_beacon" { }
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
Chekwaa ma mechie faịlụ ahụ.
12. Mgbe ahụ lelee ma syntax nke faịlụ nhazi Nginx enweghị njehie site na ịme iwu dị n'okpuru ebe a, ọ bụrụ na ọ ziri ezi, ị ga-ahụ mmepụta n'okpuru:
$ sudo nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
13. E mesịa malitegharịa Nginx nkesa iji mee mgbanwe ndị na-adịbeghị anya.
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx
Kwụpụ 5: Jiri Ngx_pagespeed nwale Nginx
14. Ugbu a nwalee ma Ngx-pagespeed na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na Nginx site na iji iwu cURL n'okpuru.
$ curl -I -p http://localhost
Ọ bụrụ na ị hụbeghị nkụnye eji isi mee dị n'elu, laghachi azụ na nzọụkwụ 10 wee jiri nlezianya gaa na ntuziaka iji mee ka Ngx-pagespeed nwee usoro na-esochi.
Ngx-pagespeed Github ebe nchekwa: https://github.com/pagespeed/ngx_pagespeed
Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịchekwa sava weebụ Nginx, mgbe ahụ anyị na-atụ aro ka ị gụọ site na nkuzi a bara uru: The Ultimate Guide to Secure, Harden and Improve Performance of Nginx.
Ọ bụ ya! N'ime nkuzi a, anyị kọwara otu esi etinye Nginx na ngx_pagespeed na Debian na Ubuntu. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ọ bụla zitere anyị site na iji fọm nkọwa anyị n'okpuru.