Otu esi echedo okwuntughe webụ akwụkwọ ndekọ aha na Apache Iji faịlụ .htaccess
Mgbe ị na-ejikwa ọrụ ịntanetị, ọ na-adị mkpa ka ị kpachapụ ohere ịnweta ọrụ ahụ iji chebe ya pụọ na mpụga ụwa. Enwere ike inwe ihe dị iche iche maka nke ahụ - dịka ọmụmaatụ ịchọrọ igbochi search engine crawlers ịbanye na saịtị gị mgbe ọ ka na-emepe emepe.
N'ime nkuzi a, Aga m egosi gị otu esi etinye akwụkwọ ndekọ aha weebụsaịtị dị iche iche echekwara paswọọdụ na sava weebụ Apache. Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ ị ga-esi nweta nke a, mana anyị ga-enyocha abụọ n'ime ha nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.
Usoro nke mbụ na-ahazi nchedo okwuntughe ozugbo na faịlụ nhazi Apache, ebe nke abụọ na-eji faịlụ .htaccess.
Ihe achọrọ
Iji hazie nchedo okwuntughe maka akwụkwọ ndekọ aha webụ gị, ị ga-enwerịrị:
- Sava webụ Apache na-arụ ọrụ
- A ghaghị ịgbanye ntuziaka AllowOverride AuthConfig na faịlụ nhazi Apache.
Tọlite ndekọ aha echekwara paswọọdụ Apache
1. N'ihi na nkuzi a, anyị ga-echebe isi webụ mgbọrọgwụ ndekọ /var/www/html. Iji chebe ndekọ ahụ, mepee nhazi Apache gị:
---------------- On RedHat/CentOS based systems ---------------- # vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ---------------- On Debian/Ubuntu based systems ---------------- # nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
2. Chọta mgbọrọgwụ akwụkwọ ndekọ Apache maka /var/www/html wee gbakwunye ihe ndị a dị ka atụ aro:
<Directory /var/www/html> Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory>
<Directory /var/www/html> Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Require all granted </Directory>
3. Chekwaa faịlụ ma malitegharịa Apache site na iji iwu a:
--------------- On Systemd ------------------- # systemctl restart httpd [On RedHat based systems] # systemctl restart apache2 [On Debian based systems] --------------- On SysV init ----------------- # service httpd restart [On RedHat based systems] # service apache2 restart [On Debian based systems]
4. Ugbu a, anyị ga-eji iwu htpasswd mepụta aha njirimara na paswọọdụ maka ndekọ nchekwa anyị. A na-eji iwu a iji jikwaa faịlụ onye ọrụ maka nyocha isi.
Nkwekọrịta izugbe nke iwu ahụ bụ:
# htpasswd -c filename username
Nhọrọ -c na-akọwapụta faịlụ nke ga-edobe paswọọdụ ezoro ezo na aha njirimara na-akọwapụta onye ọrụ maka nyocha ahụ.
5. Faịlụ okwuntughe anyị kwesịrị ịpụ na ndekọ ndekọ ego webụ Apache ka e wee chekwaa ya nke ọma. Maka ebumnuche ahụ, anyị ga-emepụta ndekọ ọhụrụ:
# mkdir /home/tecmint
6. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, anyị ga-emepụta aha njirimara na paswọọdụ nke a ga-echekwa na ndekọ ahụ:
# htpasswd -c /home/tecmint/webpass tecmint
Ozugbo ịmechara iwu a, ị ga-etinye paswọọdụ maka onye ọrụ ọhụrụ anyị \tecmint\ ugboro abụọ:
Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, anyị ga-achọ ijide n'aka na Apache nwere ike ịgụ faịlụ webpass. Maka ebumnuche ahụ, ị ga-achọ ịgbanwe nwe faịlụ ahụ site na iji iwu a:
---------------- On RedHat/CentOS based systems ---------------- # chown apache: /home/tecmint/webpass # chmod 640 /home/tecmint/webpass
---------------- On Debian/Ubuntu based systems ---------------- # chown www-data /home/tecmint/webpass # chmod 640 /home/tecmint/webpass
7. N'oge a ọhụrụ onye ọrụ na paswọọdụ dị njikere. Ugbu a, anyị kwesịrị ịgwa Apache ka ọ rịọ maka paswọọdụ mgbe ị na-enweta akwụkwọ ndekọ aha anyị. Maka ebumnuche ahụ, mepụta faịlụ a na-akpọ .htaccess na /var/www/html:
# vi /var/www/html/.htaccess
Tinye koodu a na ya:
AuthType Basic AuthName "Restricted Access" AuthUserFile /home/tecmint/webpass Require user tecmint
8. Ugbu a, chekwaa faịlụ ma tinye nhazi gị n'ule. Mepee ihe nchọgharị gị wee tinye adreesị IP gị ma ọ bụ aha ngalaba na ihe nchọgharị weebụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ:
http://ip-address
A ga-akpali gị maka aha njirimara na paswọọdụ:
Tinye aha njirimara na okwuntughe nke ị debere ka ịga n'ihu na ibe gị.
Ihe ndetu ndị ọzọ
Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji nnabata nkekọrịta, ị gaghị enwe ike ịnweta faịlụ nhazi Apache. Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ nnabata enyerela nhọrọ “AllowOverride All” na ndabara. Nke a pụtara na ị ga-achọ naanị ịmepụta aha njirimara na paswọọdụ wee họrọ ndekọ nke ịchọrọ ichebe. Nke a na-eme ka ọrụ gị dị mfe.
Mmechi
Enwere m olileanya na ịchọtara nkuzi a bara uru ma nyere gị aka imezu ebumnuche gị. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ kwuo, biko egbula oge biputere ha na ngalaba dị n'okpuru.