Pssh - Mezu iwu na ọtụtụ sava Linux dịpụrụ adịpụ site na iji otu ọnụ


Obi abụọ adịghị ya, na OpenSSH bụ otu n'ime ngwa kachasị ewu ewu ma dị ike dị maka Linux, nke na-enye gị ohere ijikọ na nchekwa na sistemu Linux dịpụrụ adịpụ site na shei ma na-enye gị ohere ịnyefe faịlụ na nchekwa na site na sistemụ dịpụrụ adịpụ.

Mana nnukwu ọghọm dị na OpenSSH bụ na ị nweghị ike ịme otu iwu n'ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa n'otu oge na OpenSSH emebeghi ịrụ ọrụ dị otú ahụ. Nke a bụ ebe Parallel SSH ma ọ bụ ngwa PSSH na-abịa na aka, bụ ngwa sitere na Python, nke na-enye gị ohere ịme iwu n'ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa n'otu oge n'otu oge.

Agbagharala: Mezue iwu na ọtụtụ sava Linux site na iji Ngwá Ọrụ DSH

Ngwa PSSH gụnyere ụdị OpenSSH yiri ya yana ngwaọrụ ndị yiri ya dị ka:

  1. pssh - bụ mmemme maka ịgba ọsọ ssh n'otu n'otu na ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa dịpụrụ adịpụ.
  2. pscp - bụ mmemme maka idegharị faịlụ n'otu n'otu na ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa.
    1. Pscp – Detuo/ Nyefee faịlụ abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa sava Linux dịpụrụ adịpụ

    Ngwa ndị a dị mma maka ndị nchịkwa Sistemu na-ahụ onwe ha na-arụ ọrụ na nnukwu nchịkọta ọnụ na netwọk.

    Wụnye PSSH ma ọ bụ SSH Parallel na Linux

    N'ime ntuziaka a, anyị ga-eleba anya n'usoro iji wụnye ụdị PSSH kachasị ọhụrụ (ya bụ ụdị 2.3.1) na nkesa Fedora dị ka CentOS/RedHat na ihe ndị Debian dị ka Ubuntu/Mint na-eji iwu pip.

    Iwu pip bụ obere mmemme (ndochi nke easy_install script) maka ịwụnye na ijikwa ngwugwu ngwugwu Python.

    Na nkesa CentOS/RHEL, ịkwesịrị ibu ụzọ wụnye ngwugwu pip (ya bụ python-pip) n'okpuru sistemụ gị, ka ịwụnye mmemme PSSH.

    # yum install python-pip
    

    Na Fedora 21+, ịkwesịrị ịme iwu dnf kama yum (dnf dochie yum).

    # dnf install python-pip
    

    Ozugbo ị wụnye ngwá ọrụ pip, ị nwere ike ịwụnye ngwugwu pssh site n'enyemaka nke iwu pip dị ka egosiri.

    # pip install pssh  
    
    /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:90: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
      InsecurePlatformWarning
    You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 7.1.2 is available.
    You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
    Collecting pssh
    /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:90: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
      InsecurePlatformWarning
      Downloading pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz
    Installing collected packages: pssh
      Running setup.py install for pssh
    Successfully installed pssh-2.3.1
    

    Na nkesa dabere na Debian ọ na-ewe nkeji iji wụnye pssh site na iji iwu pip.

    $ sudo apt-get install python-pip
    $ sudo pip install pssh
    
    Downloading/unpacking pssh
      Downloading pssh-2.3.1.tar.gz
      Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/pssh/setup.py) egg_info for package pssh
        
    Installing collected packages: pssh
      Running setup.py install for pssh
        changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pssh from 644 to 755
        changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pnuke from 644 to 755
        changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/prsync from 644 to 755
        changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pslurp from 644 to 755
        changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pscp from 644 to 755
        changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pssh-askpass from 644 to 755
        
        changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pscp to 755
        changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pssh-askpass to 755
        changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pssh to 755
        changing mode of /usr/local/bin/prsync to 755
        changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pnuke to 755
        changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pslurp to 755
    Successfully installed pssh
    Cleaning up...
    

    Dị ka ị na-ahụ site na mmepụta n'elu, arụnyere ụdị pssh kachasị ọhụrụ na sistemụ.

    Kedu ka m ga-esi eji pssh?

    Mgbe ị na-eji pssh, ịkwesịrị ịmepụta faịlụ nnabata na ọnụọgụ ndị ọbịa yana adreesị IP na nọmba ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ịchọrọ ijikọ na sistemụ dịpụrụ adịpụ site na iji pssh.

    Ahịrị ndị dị na faịlụ nnabata dị n'ụdị a ma nwee ike ịgụnye ahịrị oghere na nkọwa.

    192.168.0.10:22
    192.168.0.11:22
    

    Ị nwere ike ime otu iwu ọ bụla na ndị ọbịa Linux dị iche iche ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ na netwọk site na ịme iwu pssh. Enwere ọtụtụ nhọrọ iji pssh dị ka akọwara n'okpuru:

    Anyị ga-eleba anya n'ụzọ ole na ole nke ime iwu na ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa na-eji pssh nwere nhọrọ dị iche iche.

    1. Ịgụ faịlụ ndị ọbịa, tinye nhọrọ -h host_file-name ma ọ bụ -hosts host_file_name.
    2. Itinye aha njirimara ndabara na ndị ọbịa niile na-akọwaghị otu onye ọrụ, jiri nhọrọ -l username ma ọ bụ -user aha njirimara.
    3. Ịnwekwara ike igosipụta mmepụta ọkọlọtọ na njehie ọkọlọtọ ka onye ọbịa ọ bụla gụchara. Site na iji nhọrọ -i ma ọ bụ -inline.
    4. Ị nwere ike ime ka njikọ kwụsịchaa ma ọnụọgụ sekọnd nyere ya site na itinye nhọrọ -t number_of_seconds.
    5. Iji chekwaa mmepụta ọkọlọtọ na akwụkwọ ndekọ aha enyere, ị nwere ike iji nhọrọ -o /directory/path.
    6. Ka ịrịọ maka paswọọdụ wee ziga na ssh, jiri nhọrọ -A.

    Ka anyị hụ ọmụmaatụ ole na ole na ojiji nke iwu pssh:

    1. Iji mezuo echo \Ndewo TecMint na njedebe nke ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ Linux site na onye ọrụ mgbọrọgwụ wee mee ka paswọọdụ onye ọrụ mgbọrọgwụ gbanye iwu a n'okpuru.

    Ihe dị mkpa: Cheta na ndị ọbịa niile ga-etinyerịrị na faịlụ nnabata.

    # pssh -h pssh-hosts -l root -A echo "Hello TecMint"
    
    Warning: do not enter your password if anyone else has superuser
    privileges or access to your account.
    Password: 
    [1] 15:54:55 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.10:22
    [2] 15:54:56 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.11:22
    

    Rịba ama: N'iwu dị n'elu pssh-hosts bụ faịlụ nwere ndepụta adreesị IP nke sava Linux dịpụrụ adịpụ na nọmba ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri SSH nke ịchọrọ ịme iwu.

    2. Iji chọpụta ojiji ohere diski na ọtụtụ sava Linux na netwọk gị, ị nwere ike ịme otu iwu dị ka ndị a.

    # pssh -h pssh-hosts -l root -A -i "df -hT"
    
    Warning: do not enter your password if anyone else has superuser
    privileges or access to your account.
    Password: 
    [1] 16:04:18 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.10:22
    Filesystem     Type   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sda3      ext4    38G  4.3G   32G  12% /
    tmpfs          tmpfs  499M     0  499M   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/sda1      ext4   190M   25M  156M  14% /boot
    
    [2] 16:04:18 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.11:22
    Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        30G  9.8G   20G  34% /
    devtmpfs                devtmpfs  488M     0  488M   0% /dev
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     497M  148K  497M   1% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     497M  7.0M  490M   2% /run
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     497M     0  497M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1               xfs       497M  166M  332M  34% /boot
    

    3. Ọ bụrụ na ị chọrọ ịmata uptime nke multiple Linux sava n'otu oge, mgbe ahụ ị nwere ike na-agba ọsọ na-esonụ iwu.

    # pssh -h pssh-hosts -l root -A -i "uptime"
    Warning: do not enter your password if anyone else has superuser
    privileges or access to your account.
    Password: 
    [1] 16:09:03 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.10:22
     16:09:01 up  1:00,  2 users,  load average: 0.07, 0.02, 0.00
    
    [2] 16:09:03 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.11:22
     06:39:03 up  1:00,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.06, 0.09
    

    Ị nwere ike ịlele ibe ntinye akwụkwọ ntuziaka maka iwu pssh iji nweta ọtụtụ nhọrọ ndị ọzọ iji chọpụta ụzọ ndị ọzọ esi eji pssh.

    # pssh --help
    

    Nchịkọta

    Parallel SSH ma ọ bụ PSSH bụ ngwá ọrụ dị mma iji mee ihe maka imezu iwu na gburugburu ebe onye nchịkwa System ga-arụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ sava na netwọk. Ọ ga-eme ka ọ dịrị mfe ka emebie iwu na ndị ọbịa dị iche iche na netwọkụ.

    Echere na ịchọta ntuziaka a bara uru ma ọ bụrụ na ozi ọ bụla gbasara pssh ma ọ bụ njehie mgbe ị na-etinye ma ọ bụ na-eji ya, nweere onwe gị biputere nkwupụta.