Njikwa olu ezi uche dị na Linux Debian

Debian Linux bụ nkesa Linux na-ewu ewu ma na-eme ka ebe ọrụ ndị ọrụ kwụsị yana sava netwọkụ. A na-etokarị Debian maka ịbụ nkesa Linux kwụsiri ike. Nkwụsi ike nke Debian jikọtara ya na mgbanwe nke LVM na-eme ka nchekwa nchekwa dị ukwuu nke onye ọ bụla nwere ike ịghọta.

Tupu ịga n'ihu na nkuzi a, Tecmint na-enye nnukwu nyocha na nyocha nke ntinye nke Debian 7.8 \Wheezy nke enwere ike ịhụ ebe a:

  1. Nwụnye Debian 7.8 \Wheezy

Logical Volume Management (LVM) bụ usoro njikwa diski nke na-enye ohere ịnakọta ọtụtụ diski ma ọ bụ nkebi n'otu nnukwu ọdọ mmiri nke nwere ike ịgbaji n'ime oke nchekwa nke a maara dị ka Logical Volumes.

Ebe ọ bụ na onye nchịkwa nwere ike itinyekwu diski/akụkụ dịka ha chọrọ, LVM na-aghọ nhọrọ dị oke mma maka ịgbanwe ihe nchekwa chọrọ. Wezụga mfe ịgbasawanye nke LVM, a na-ewukwa ụfọdụ njirimara resiliency data n'ime LVM. Akụkụ dị ka ikike ịse foto na mbugharị data site na draịva na-ada ada, na-enye LVM ikike karịa iji jikwaa iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na nnweta data.

  1. Sistemụ arụmọrụ – Debian 7.7 Wheezy
  2. 40gb buut mbanye – sda
  3. 2 Seagate 500gb draịva na Linux Raid - md0 (RAID adịghị mkpa)
  4. njikọ/njikọ ịntanetị

Ịwụnye na Ịhazi LVM na Debian

1. Mgbọrọgwụ/nchịkwa ohere nke usoro dị mkpa. Enwere ike nweta nke a na Debian site na iji iwu sudo ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ahazila ntọala sudo kwesịrị ekwesị, enwere ike iji sudo. Agbanyeghị, ntuziaka a ga-eche nbanye nbanye na su.

2. N'ebe a, ekwesịrị itinye ngwugwu LVM2 na sistemụ. Enwere ike ime nke a site n'itinye ndị a n'ahịrị iwu:

# apt-get update && apt-get install lvm2

N'ebe a, otu n'ime iwu abụọ nwere ike ịgba ọsọ iji hụ na arụnyere LVM n'ezie ma dị njikere iji na usoro:

# dpkg-query -s lvm2
# dpkg-query -l lvm2

3. Ugbu a na arụnyere software LVM, ọ bụ oge iji kwadebe ngwaọrụ maka ojiji na LVM Volume Group na n'ikpeazụ n'ime Logical Volumes.

Iji mee nke a, a ga-eji ngwa pvcreate dozie diski ahụ. A na-eme LVM na nkebi ọ bụla site na iji ngwa dị ka fdisk, cfdisk, kewaa, ma ọ bụ gparted na nkebi na ọkọlọtọ nkebi maka iji na nhazi LVM, agbanyeghị maka nhazi a, draịva 500gb abụọ gbakọtara ọnụ iji mepụta RAID. n'usoro akpọrọ /dev/md0.

Usoro RAID a bụ nhazi enyo dị mfe maka ebumnuche ọrụ ọrụ. N'ọdịnihu, a ga-edekwa akụkọ na-akọwa otú RAID si arụ ọrụ. Maka ugbu a, ka anyị gaa n'ihu na nkwadebe nke mpịakọta anụ ahụ (Ihe mgbochi na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na eserese na mmalite nke isiokwu).

Ọ bụrụ na ijighị ngwaọrụ RAID, dochie ngwaọrụ ndị ga-abụ akụkụ nke nhazi LVM maka '' koodu>/dev/md0'. Ịnye iwu na-esonụ ga-akwado ngwaọrụ RAID maka ojiji na nhazi LVM:

# pvcreate /dev/md0

4. Ozugbo akwadoro RAID array, ọ dị mkpa ka agbakwunyere ya na otu olu (mkpụrụ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na eserese na mmalite nke isiokwu) na nke a na-emezu site na iji vgcreate iwu.

Iwu vgcreate ga-achọ ma ọ dịkarịa ala arụmụka abụọ gafere ya n'oge a. Arụmụka mbụ ga-abụ aha nke Group Volume a ga-emepụta na arụmụka nke abụọ ga-abụ aha ngwaọrụ RAID nke a kwadebere na pvcreate na nzọụkwụ 3 (/dev/md0). Itinye ihe niile mejupụtara ọnụ ga-ewepụta iwu dị ka ndị a:

# vgcreate storage /dev/md0

N'ebe a, a gwara LVM ka o mepụta otu olu a na-akpọ 'nchekwa' nke ga-eji ngwaọrụ '' /dev/md0' chekwaa data ezigara na ya. mpịakọta ọ bụla ezi uche dị na ya bụ otu n'ime otu olu 'nchekwa. Agbanyeghị, n'oge a, enwebeghị akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ezi uche dị na ya a ga-eji maka ebumnuche nchekwa data.

5. Enwere ike ịnye iwu abụọ ngwa ngwa iji gosi na e mepụtara Volume Group nke ọma.

  1. vgdisplay – ga-enye nkọwa zuru oke gbasara otu olu.
  2. vgs – Mwepụta ahịrị otu ngwa ngwa iji gosi na otu olu dị.

# vgdisplay
# vgs

6. Ugbu a na Volume Group kwadoro njikere, enwere ike ịmepụta mpịakọta ezi uche n'onwe ha. Nke a bụ njedebe njedebe nke LVM na a ga-eziga data ndị a ezi uche dị na ya iji dee ya na mpịakọta anụ ahụ dị n'okpuru (PV) nke mebere Group Volume (VG).

Iji mepụta mpịakọta ezi uche, ọ dị mkpa ka a nyefee ọtụtụ arụmụka na lvcreate utility. Arụmụka kacha mkpa na nke dị mkpa gụnyere: nha nke Logical Volume, aha nke Logical Volume, na nke Volume Group (VG) nke a ga-abụ Logical Volume (LV). Itinye ihe a niile na-enye iwu lvcreate dị ka ndị a:

# lvcreate -L 100G -n Music storage

N'ụzọ dị irè iwu a na-ekwu ime ihe ndị a: mepụta Mpịakọta Logical nke dị 100 gigabytes n'ogologo nke nwere aha egwu ma bụrụ nke nchekwa Volume Group. Ka anyị gaa n'ihu mepụta LV ọzọ maka Documents nwere nha 50 gigabytes wee mee ka ọ bụrụ onye otu nke otu olu otu:

# lvcreate -L 50G -n Documents storage

Enwere ike iji otu n'ime iwu ndị a kwado mmepụta nke mpịakọta Logical:

  1. lvdisplay – Mpụta zuru oke nke mpịakọta ezi uche.
  2. lvs – Mpụta nkọwa zuru ezu nke mpịakọta ezi uche dị.

# lvdisplay
# lvs