Otu esi ebuli site na Debian 10 gaa na Debian 11

Maka ndị na-achọ ịkwalite site na Debian 10 Buster gaa na Debian 11 Bullseye, usoro a dị nnọọ mfe mana ọ na-ewe oge dabere na ọsọ njikọ ịntanetị. Nkwalite ụbọchị nke ọzọ were ihe dị ka otu awa n'ihi nbudata ngwa ngwa site na ebe nchekwa Debian US, ikekwe n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-ebuli elu ugbu a.

Nzọụkwụ mbụ tupu nkwalite bụ ịkwado data ọ bụla dị mkpa! Ọ bụ ezie na nke a anaghị adịkarị mkpa, otu oge na-emeghị nkwado ndabere, ihe ga-ada ma mebie usoro ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na enwere ike ịme faịlụ ndabere/tar, a na-atụ aro ya nke ukwuu tupu ọ gawa n'ihu.

Nkwuputa n'ụzọ, ka anyị malite usoro nkwalite. Onwe, kwado ka emelite sistemu dị ugbu a kpamkpam tupu ị nwaa nkwalite nkesa mana nke a nwere ike ọ gaghị adị mkpa.

Na-emelite Debian 10 Linux

Ka imelite sistemụ ahụ kpamkpam na-enye iwu na-esonụ dị ka mgbọrọgwụ ma ọ bụ jiri ọrụ 'sudo':

# apt update
# apt upgrade
# apt full-upgrade
# apt --purge autoremove
OR
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt full-upgrade
$ sudo apt --purge autoremove

Ozugbo mmelite emechara, ịkwesịrị ịmalitegharị sistemụ ahụ iji tinye kernel na mmelite ndị ọzọ:

$ sudo systemctl reboot

Hazie Ndepụta Isi mmalite APT

Ugbu a ọ bụ oge ime bụ ịkwadebe usoro iji lelee ebe nchekwa ọhụrụ maka 'Bullseye'. Na-eche na faịlụ ọkọlọtọ /etc/apt/sources.list.

Mbụ, jide n'aka na ị na-akwado ndabere Source.list faịlụ wee mee mgbanwe dị ka egosiri.

$ sudo cp -v /etc/apt/sources.list /root/
$ sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Nke mbụ /etc/apt/sources.list

Ugbu a dochie ahịrị 'Buster' izizi na ahịrị ndị a na faịlụ /etc/apt/sources.list faịlụ na 'Bullseye' dị ka a hụrụ na nseta ihuenyo dị n'okpuru.

deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye main
deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye main
 
deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian-security bullseye-security/updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian-security bullseye-security/updates main
 
# bullseye-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye-updates main

faịlụ /etc/apt/sources.list emezigharịrị ọhụrụ.

Na-akwalite Debian 11 site na Debian 10

Nzọụkwụ na-esote ugbu a bụ iweghachi ndepụta ngwugwu dị maka nrụnye.

$ sudo apt update

Ozugbo akụrụngwa emelitere ndepụta ngwugwu, oge eruola ịmalite nkwalite site na Debian 10 gaa na usoro Debian 11.

$ sudo apt full-upgrade

Ọsọ njikọ ịntanetị ga-arụ nnukwu ọrụ na nkwalite dịka nkwalite ahụ ga-achọ ihe dịka Gigabyte ma ọ bụ karịa nke ngwugwu ọhụrụ ka ebudatara.

Dabere na nhazi usoro na ngwugwu arụnyere, enwere ike ịnwe ụfọdụ mkpali chọrọ enyemaka onye ọrụ. Onye nrụnye ga-ekwe ka ịmalitegharị ọrụ ndị ahụ dịka achọrọ ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ahọrọ.

Dị ka ọ dị na Debian 11 ọhụrụ awụnyere, a na-atụ aro ka onye ọrụ hapụ usoro ahụ ka ọ rụọ ọrụ nkwalite wee lelee ya kwa oge n'ihi na usoro a ga-ewe oge. Mgbe ọ gwụchara, malitegharịa igwe ma nwee ọ enjoyụ na Debian 11 na ihe ịtụnanya ya niile!.

$ sudo systemctl reboot

Mgbe ịmalitegharịa, jide n'aka na ị nyochaa nkwalite ahụ.

$ uname -r
$ lsb_release -a

Ọ gwụla! Anyị emelitela nke ọma na Debian 11 Bullseye site na Debian 10 Buster.