Otu esi etinye GUI (Gnome 3) Iji CD/DVD na RHEL/CentOS 7
Dị ka onye nchịkwa Linux maka ihe karịrị 6 yrs, m na-eji oge m na-arụ ọrụ na njedebe, mana enwere ọnọdụ ụfọdụ ebe m chọrọ GUI kama ịnwụ. Site na ndabara, RHEL/CentOS 7 ihe nkesa arụnyere dị ntakịrị na-enweghị nkwado Desktọpụ ọ bụla. Yabụ, iji wụnye GUI n'elu nrụnye pere mpe, anyị nwere nhọrọ abụọ:
- Ụzọ mbụ bụ, ịwụnye GUI (ya bụ Gnome 3) site na iji ebe nchekwa ndabere, ọ ga-ebudata ma wụnye ngwugwu na ịntanetị.
- Usoro nke abụọ bụ, ịwụnye GUI site na iji RHEL/CentOS 7 ISO onyonyo site na ngwaọrụ CD/DVD mpaghara, nke a ga-ezere nbudata ngwugwu na ịntanetị.
Usoro nke mbụ bụ usoro oge, ebe ọ na-ebudata ngwugwu na ịntanetị wee wụnye ya na sistemụ, ọ bụrụ na ị nwere njikọ ịntanetị kachasị ọsọ, ị nwere ike pịnye iwu na-esonụ na njedebe iji wụnye GUI n'oge.
# yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop" [On CentOS 7] # yum groupinstall "Server with GUI" [On RHEL 7]
Mana, ndị nwere njikọ nwayọ nwayọ, ha nwere ike soro usoro CD/DVD, ebe a na-etinye ngwugwu ndị ahụ site na ngwaọrụ CD/DVD mpaghara gị, nrụnye na-adịkwa ngwa ngwa. karịa usoro mbụ.
Mara: Ntuziaka nwụnye maka GUI bụ otu maka ụzọ abụọ a, mana ebe a ebumnuche anyị bụ izere nbudata ngwugwu na ịntanetị wee belata oge.
Ndị na-agbaso usoro CD/DVD, ha ga-enwerịrị RHEL/CentOS 7 DVD ISO (budata ma gbaa foto na CD/DVD) na ha, n'ihi na anyị na-eji onyonyo a mepụta ebe nchekwa yum local. Yabụ na, n'oge nrụnye GUI, a na-ewepụta ngwugwu ndị ahụ na CD/DVD gị.
Mara: Maka ebumnuche ngosi, ejirila m RHEL/CentOS 7 DVD ISO onyonyo wụnye Gnome 3, mana otu ntuziaka ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ na RHEL 7 yana obere mgbanwe na iwu.
Kwụpụ 1: Mepụta ebe nchekwa Yum Mpaghara
1. Tupu ịmepụta ebe nchekwa yum mpaghara, tinye ihe oyiyi CentOS 7 DVD ISO gị CD/DVD mbanye ma bulie ya site na iji iwu ndị a.
Nke mbụ, mepụta ndekọ 'cdrom' efu n'okpuru '/ mnt /' ọnọdụ wee bulie 'cdrom' (/ dev/cdrom bụ aha ndabere nke ngwaọrụ gị) n'okpuru'/mnt/cdrom'ụzọ.
mkdir /mnt/cdrom mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
2. Ozugbo 'cdrom' kwadoro, ị nwere ike nyochaa faịlụ n'okpuru /mnt/cdrom site na iji iwu ls.
cd /mnt/cdrom/ $ ls -l total 607 -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 14 Jul 4 21:31 CentOS_BuildTag drwxr-xr-x 3 tecmint tecmint 2048 Jul 4 21:29 EFI -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 611 Jul 4 21:31 EULA -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 18009 Jul 4 21:31 GPL drwxr-xr-x 3 tecmint tecmint 2048 Jul 4 21:29 images drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 2048 Jul 4 21:29 isolinux drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 2048 Jul 4 21:29 LiveOS drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 581632 Jul 5 15:56 Packages drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jul 5 16:13 repodata -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 1690 Jul 4 21:31 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 1690 Jul 4 21:31 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7 -r--r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 2883 Jul 6 23:02 TRANS.TBL
3. Na-esote, mepụta faịlụ nchekwa yum ọhụrụ dị n'okpuru '/etc/yum.repos.d/' na-eji nchịkọta ọkacha mmasị gị, ebe a ka m na-eji Vi editọ.
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/centos7.repo
Tinye ahịrị ndị a na ya, chekwaa ma hapụ faịlụ ahụ.
[centos7] name=centos7 baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel7.repo
Tinye ahịrị ndị a na ya, chekwaa ma hapụ faịlụ ahụ.
[rhel7] name=rhel7 baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
Ụfọdụ nkọwa banyere ahịrị ndị dị n'elu.
- [centos7]: Aha ngalaba repo ọhụrụ.
- aha: Aha ebe nchekwa ọhụrụ.
- baseurl: Ebe ngwungwu dị ugbu a.
- Enyere: Ebe nchekwa agbanyere, uru '1' pụtara nwee ike na '0' pụtara gbanyụọ.
- gpgcheck: Lelee mbinye aka nke ngwugwu ahụ, tupu itinye ha.
- gpgkey: Ebe igodo.
4. Ugbu a, lelee ọhụrụ kere obodo repository dị si yum repost ndepụta, ma tupu na ị ga-ehichapụ yum cache na nyochaa obodo repo.
yum clean all yum repolist all
yum repolist all Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: centosmirror.go4hosting.in * extras: centosmirror.go4hosting.in * updates: centosmirror.go4hosting.in repo id repo name status base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base enabled: 8,465 base-source/7 CentOS-7 - Base Sources disabled centos7 centos7 enabled: 3,538 centosplus/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Plus disabled centosplus-source/7 CentOS-7 - Plus Sources disabled debug/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Debuginfo disabled extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras enabled: 80 extras-source/7 CentOS-7 - Extras Sources disabled updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates enabled: 1,459 updates-source/7 CentOS-7 - Updates Sources disabled repolist: 13,542
Cheta na: Ị hụrụ na mmepụta dị n'elu ka agbanyere na agba ọbara ọbara, nke ahụ pụtara na a kwadoro repo mpaghara anyị ma nwee ike ịwụnye ngwugwu.
Mana, ị ga-ahụkwa ọtụtụ ebe nchekwa na-enyere aka na mmepụta dị n'elu, ọ bụrụ n'ịgbalị ịwụnye ngwugwu ọ bụla ọ ga-ewere CentOS Base dị ka ebe nchekwa ndabere.
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ka anyị gbalịa ịwụnye ngwugwu 'httpd' site na iji iwu yum.
yum install httpd
============================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================ Installing: httpd x86_64 2.4.6-18.el7.centos updates 2.7 M Installing for dependencies: apr x86_64 1.4.8-3.el7 base 103 k apr-util x86_64 1.5.2-6.el7 base 92 k httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-18.el7.centos updates 77 k mailcap noarch 2.1.41-2.el7 base 31 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages) Total download size: 3.0 M Installed size: 10 M Is this ok [y/d/N]:
Mara: Ị na-ahụ na mmepụta dị n'elu, ngwugwu 'httpd' na-etinye site na ebe nchekwa CentOS, ọ bụrụgodị na ị na-amanye yum ka ịwụnye ngwugwu site na ebe nchekwa mpaghara site na ịgbakwunye '-enablerepo'nhọrọ, ọ ka na-eji CentOS Base dị ka ndabere repo. Gbalịa mee ya ma hụ nsonaazụ ya, ị ga-enweta otu nsonaazụ dị n'elu.
yum --enablerepo=centos7 install httpd
Yabụ, iji wụnye ngwugwu sitere na ebe nchekwa mpaghara anyị, anyị kwesịrị iji nhọrọ '-disablerepo'iji gbanyụọ ebe nchekwa niile na'-enablerepo'iji mee ka centos7 ma ọ bụ rhel7 repo.
Kwụpụ 2: Wụnye Gnome 3 na RHEL/CentOS 7
5. Iji wụnye GUI (Gnome 3) na RHEL/CentOS 7 minimal install server, gba ọsọ yum iwu.
yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=centos7 groupinstall "GNOME Desktop"
yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=rhel7 groupinstall "Server with GUI"
Iwu a dị n'elu ga-arụnye ma dozie ngwugwu niile dabere na iji ebe nchekwa mpaghara, n'oge ntinye ọ ga-arịọ maka nkwenye pịa Y ka ọ gaa n'ihu.
6. Mgbe echichi gwụchara, mee ka usoro ahụ buut na-akpaghị aka na Interface Graphical, ebe a anyị anaghị eji faịlụ '/etc/inittab' iji gbanwee runlevel, n'ihi na RHEL/CentOS 7 gbanwere na systemd na ebe a anyị na-eji 'ebumnuche' ka. gbanwee ma ọ bụ tọọ ọkwa runlevel nke ndabara.
Gbaa iwu na-esonụ ka ịgwa sistemu ka ọ buo Gnome Desktọpụ na-akpaghị aka na mmalite sistemụ.
ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target
7. Ozugbo i debere 'ebumnuche' maka GUI, ugbu a malitegharịa ihe nkesa ka ịbanye na Desktọpụ Gnome.
8. Ozugbo Gnome 3 arụnyere, wepụ ihe CD/DVD ngwaọrụ.
umount /mnt/cdrom