Okwu Mmalite nke RAID, Echiche nke RAID na ọkwa RAID - Akụkụ 1

RAID bụ ọtụtụ diski efu, mana n'oge a ka a na-akpọ ya Redundant Array of Independent draịva. N'oge gara aga, a na-eji ya dị oke ọnụ ịzụta ọbụna obere diski, ma n'oge a, anyị nwere ike ịzụta nnukwu diski na otu ego dị ka ọ dị na mbụ. Raid bụ naanị nchịkọta diski n'ime ọdọ mmiri ka ọ bụrụ ụda ezi uche dị na ya.

Raid nwere otu ma ọ bụ setịpụ ma ọ bụ Arrays. Ngwakọta ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na-eme otu diski iji mepụta RAID Array ma ọ bụ RAID set. Ọ nwere ike ịbụ opekempe nke ọnụọgụ abụọ nke diski ejikọrọ na onye na-ahụ maka mwakpo wee mee ụda ezi uche dị na ya ma ọ bụ draịva karịa nwere ike ịdị n'otu. Naanị otu ọkwa Raid ka enwere ike itinye n'ime otu diski. A na-eji Raid eme ihe mgbe anyị chọrọ ịrụ ọrụ dị mma. Dịka ọkwa mbuso agha ahọpụtara, arụmọrụ ga-adị iche. Chekwaa data anyị site na nnabata mmejọ & nnweta dị elu.

A ga-akpọ usoro isiokwu a Nkwadebe maka ịtọlite RAID 's site na akụkụ 1-9 wee kpuchie isiokwu ndị a.

Nke a bụ akụkụ 1 nke usoro nkuzi 9, ebe a anyị ga-ekpuchi mmeghe nke RAID, Echiche nke RAID na ọkwa RAID nke achọrọ maka ịtọlite RAID na Linux.

Software RAID na Hardware RAID

RAID Software nwere arụmọrụ dị ala, n'ihi na-eri ihe sitere n'aka ndị ọbịa. Akụrụngwa Raid kwesịrị ibu maka ịgụ data sitere na mpịakọta mbuso software. Tupu ibunye ngwa agha wakporo, OS kwesịrị inwe buut iji buo ngwa ngwa wakporo. Enweghị mkpa ngwaike anụ ahụ na mbuso software. Ego efu efu.

RAID ngwaike nwere arụmọrụ dị elu. Ha bụ onye njikwa RAID raara onwe ya nye nke ejiri kaadị PCI Express rụọ n'anụ ahụ. Ọ gaghị eji akụrụngwa nnabata. Ha nwere NVRAM maka cache ịgụ na ide. Na-echekwa cache ka ọ na-ewughachi ọbụlagodi na enwere ike-ọdịda, ọ ga-echekwa cache site na iji nkwado batrị. Ntinye ego dị oke ọnụ achọrọ maka nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ.

Kaadị RAID ngwaike ga-adị ka n'okpuru:

    Usoro
  1. Parity na mbuso agha na-eweghachi ọdịnaya nke furu efu site na ozi echekwara n'ihe. RAID 5, RAID 6 Dabere na Parity.
  2. Stripe na-ekerịta data na-enweghị usoro na otutu diski. Nke a agaghị enwe data zuru oke na otu diski. Ọ bụrụ na anyị ejiri diski 3 ọkara nke data anyị ga-adị na diski ọ bụla.
  3. Mirroring na-eji na RAID 1 na RAID 10. Ngosipụta na-eme otu data. Na RAID 1 ọ ga-echekwa otu ọdịnaya ahụ na diski nke ọzọ.
  4. Ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ naanị draịva mapụtara na sava anyị nke nwere ike dochie draịva dara ada na-akpaghị aka. Ọ bụrụ na otu n'ime draịva ahụ dara n'usoro anyị, a ga-eji draịva na-ekpo ọkụ ma wughachi ya na-akpaghị aka.
  5. Chunks bụ naanị nha data nwere ike ịbụ opekempe site na 4KB na ndị ọzọ. Site n'ịkọwa nha nha, anyị nwere ike ịbawanye arụmọrụ I/O.

RAID dị n'ọkwa dị iche iche. N'ebe a, anyị ga-ahụ naanị ọkwa RAID nke a na-ejikarị na gburugburu ebe obibi.

  1. RAID0 = Mwepu
  2. RAID1 = Ngosipụta
  3. RAID5 = Otu Mịkọ Ekesara Otu Disk
  4. RAID6 = Mmakọ Ekesara Disk Ugboro abụọ
  5. RAID10 = Ngwakọta enyo na eriri. (Nsted RAID)

A na-ejikwa RAID site na iji ngwugwu mdadm n'ọtụtụ nkesa Linux. Ka anyị nweta nleba anya nkenke na ọkwa RAID ọ bụla.

Striping nwere arụmọrụ dị mma. Na Raid 0 (Striping) a ga-ede data na diski site na iji usoro ekekọrịtara. Ọkara nke ọdịnaya ga-adị na otu diski na ọkara ọzọ ka a ga-ede na diski ọzọ.

Ka anyị were na anyị nwere 2 Disk draịva, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na anyị dee data TECMINT na ụda ezi uche, a ga-echekwa ya dịka 'T' ga-echekwa na diski mbụ. na 'E' ka a ga-echekwa na diski nke abụọ na 'C' ga-echekwa na diski mbụ ma ọzọ 'M' ga-echekwa na Disk nke abụọ na ọ na-aga n'ihu na usoro gburugburu-robin.

N'ọnọdụ a ma ọ bụrụ na nke ọ bụla n'ime draịva ahụ dara, anyị ga-atọpụ data anyị, n'ihi na ọkara nke data sitere na otu diski enweghị ike iji wughachi mwakpo ahụ. Mana ka ị na-atụnyere Dee ọsọ na arụmọrụ RAID 0 mara mma. Anyị chọrọ opekata mpe diski abụọ iji mepụta RAID 0 (Striping). Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ data bara uru ejirila RAID LEVEL a.

  1. Arụmọrụ dị elu.
  2. Enwere mfu ikike efu na RAID 0
  3. Enweghị mperi mperi.
  4. Ide na ịgụ akwụkwọ ga-abụ ezigbo arụmọrụ.

Mirroring nwere arụmọrụ dị mma. Mirroring nwere ike ịme otu data nke anyị nwere. Na-eche na anyị nwere ọnụọgụ abụọ nke 2TB Hard draịva, mkpokọta n'ebe ahụ anyị nwere 4TB, ma na mirroring mgbe draịva dị n'azụ RAID Controller na-etolite a Logical mbanye Naanị anyị nwere ike ịhụ 2TB nke ezi uche mbanye.

Ka anyị na-echekwa data ọ bụla, ọ ga-edegara ma draịva 2TB. Opekempe draịva abụọ dị mkpa iji mepụta RAID 1 ma ọ bụ mirror. Ọ bụrụ na ọdịda diski emee, anyị nwere ike imepụtaghachi mbuso agha ahụ site na dochie diski ọhụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na diski ọ bụla daa na RAID 1, anyị nwere ike nweta data site na nke ọzọ dịka enwere otu ọdịnaya dị na diski nke ọzọ. N'ihi ya, e nwere efu data ọnwụ.

  1. Arụmọrụ ọma.
  2. N'ebe a, ọkara nke oghere ga-efunahụ ike zuru oke.
  3. Nnagide Mmejọ zuru oke.
  4. ewugharị ga-adị ngwa ngwa.
  5. Arụmọrụ ederede ga-adị nwayọ.
  6. Ịgụ ga-adị mma.
  7. Enwere ike iji maka sistemụ arụmọrụ yana nchekwa data maka obere ọnụ ọgụgụ.

A na-ejikarị RAID 5 na ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ. RAID 5 na-arụ ọrụ site na usoro nkesa nkesa. A ga-eji ozi nha anya wughachi data ahụ. Ọ na-ewughachi site na ozi fọdụrụ na draịva ọma fọdụrụnụ. Nke a ga-echebe data anyị pụọ na ọdịda mbanye.

Were ya na anyị nwere draịva 4, ọ bụrụ na otu mbanye ada ada na mgbe anyị na-edochi draịva dara ada, anyị nwere ike wughachi draịvụ dochie anya site na ozi nzi. A na-echekwa ozi parity na draịva 4 niile, ma ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere ọnụọgụ anọ nke 1TB hard-drive. A ga-echekwa ozi parity na 256GB na ọkwọ ụgbọala ọ bụla yana 768GB ndị ọzọ na draịva ọ bụla ga-akọwapụta maka ndị ọrụ. RAID 5 nwere ike ịlanarị site na otu ọdịda mbanye, Ọ bụrụ na draịva daa karịa 1 ga-eme ka mfu nke data.

  1. Arụmọrụ kacha mma
  2. Ọgụgụ ga-adị mma nke ukwuu na ọsọ.
  3. Ide ga-abụ Ọkara, nwayọ ma ọ bụrụ na anyị agaghị eji njikwa RAID Hardware.
  4. Weghachite ozi site na draịva niile.
  5. Nnagide Mmejọ zuru oke.
  6. 1 Oghere diski ga-adị n'okpuru Parity.
  7. Enwere ike iji ya na sava faịlụ, sava webụ, nkwado ndabere dị oke mkpa.

RAID 6 bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka RAID 5 nwere sistemu ekesa nkesa abụọ. A na-ejikarị ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nhazi. Anyị chọrọ draịva 4 kacha nta, ọ bụrụgodị na 2 mbanye ada ada, anyị nwere ike wughachi data ahụ ka anyị na-edochi draịva ọhụrụ.

Dị nnọọ nwayọọ karịa RAID 5, n'ihi na ọ na-ede data na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala 4 niile n'otu oge. Ga-abụ nkezi na ọsọ mgbe anyị na-eji njikwa RAID Hardware. Ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere nọmba 6 nke 1TB hard-drives 4 draịva ga-eji maka data na 2 draịva ga-eji maka Parity.

  1. Arụmọrụ adịghị mma.
  2. Gụọ arụmọrụ ga-adị mma.
  3. Arụmọrụ dee ga-ada ogbenye ma ọ bụrụ na anyị anaghị eji njikwa RAID ngwaike.
  4. Wụgharịa site na 2 Parity Drives.
  5. Nnagide mmejọ zuru oke.
  6. Oghere diski 2 ga-adị n'okpuru Parity.
  7. Enwere ike iji ya na nnukwu nhazi.
  8. Enwere ike iji ya na ebumnuche ndabere, nkwanye vidiyo, jiri n'ọtụtụ buru ibu.

Enwere ike ịkpọ RAID 10 dị ka 1+0 ma ọ bụ 0+1. Nke a ga-arụ ọrụ abụọ nke Mirror & Striping. Mirror ga-abụ nke mbụ na eriri ga-abụ nke abụọ na RAID 10. Stripe ga-abụ nke mbụ na mirror ga-abụ nke abụọ na RAID 01. RAID 10 ka mma tụnyere 01.

Ka e were ya na anyị nwere ọnụọgụ draịva 4. Mgbe m na-ede ụfọdụ data na oke ezi uche m, a ga-echekwa ya n'okpuru draịva 4 niile site na iji enyo na ụzọ eriri.

Ọ bụrụ na m na-ede data TECMINT na RAID 10 ọ ga-echekwa data dịka ndị a. Mbụ T ga-ede na diski abụọ ahụ na nke abụọ E ga-ede na diski abụọ ahụ, a ga-eji usoro a maka ide data niile. Ọ ga-eme ka oyiri data ọ bụla na diski ndị ọzọ.

N'otu oge ahụ ọ ga-eji usoro RAID 0 wee dee data dị ka T ga-ede na diski mbụ na E ga-ede na diski nke abụọ. Ọzọ C ga-ede na diski mbụ na M na diski nke abụọ.

  1. Ọgụgụ na ide nke ọma.
  2. N'ebe a, ọkara nke oghere ga-efunahụ ike zuru oke.
  3. Nnagide mmejọ.
  4. Mweghachi ngwa ngwa site na iṅomi data.
  5. Enwere ike iji na nchekwa data maka ịrụ ọrụ dị elu yana nnweta.

Mmechi

N'isiokwu a, anyị ahụla ihe bụ RAID na ọkwa ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe na RAID na gburugburu ebe obibi. Enwere m olileanya na ị mụtala ederede gbasara RAID. Maka ntọlite RAID, onye ga-amarịrị maka isi ihe ọmụma gbasara RAID. Ọdịnaya dị n'elu ga-emezu nghọta bụ isi gbasara RAID.

N'isiokwu ndị na-abịa, m ga-ekpuchi otu esi edozi ma mepụta RAID site na iji ọkwa dị iche iche, Ịzụlite RAID Group (Array) na Nchọpụta nsogbu na draịva dara ada na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.