Na-akwaga akụkụ LVM gaa na olu ezi uche ọhụrụ (Drive) - akụkụ VI

Nke a bụ akụkụ nke isii nke usoro njikwa ụda olu anyị na-aga n'ihu, n'isiokwu a, anyị ga-egosi gị ka ị ga-esi kwaga mpịakọta ezi uche dị ugbu a na draịva ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ na-enweghị oge ọ bụla. Tupu m aga n'ihu, ọ ga-amasị m ịkọwara gị maka Mbugharị LVM na atụmatụ ya.

Mbugharị LVM bụ otu n'ime njirimara mara mma, ebe anyị nwere ike ịkwaga mpịakọta ezi uche gaa na diski ọhụrụ na-enweghị data-ọnwụ na oge nkwụsị. Ebumnuche nke njirimara a bụ ịkwaga data anyị site na diski ochie gaa na diski ọhụrụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, anyị na-eme njem site n'otu diski gaa na nchekwa diski ọzọ, naanị mgbe njehie mere na diski ụfọdụ.

  1. Ibugharị mpịakọta ezi uche site n'otu diski gaa na diski ọzọ.
  2. Anyị nwere ike iji ụdị diski ọ bụla dị ka SATA, SSD, SAS, SAN nchekwa iSCSI ma ọ bụ FC.
  3. Mbugharị diski na-enweghị mfu data na oge ọdịda.

Na Mbugharị LVM, anyị ga-agbanwe mpịakọta ọ bụla, sistemụ faịlụ yana data ya na nchekwa dị ugbu a. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere otu ụda Logical, nke e debere na otu n'ime ụda anụ ahụ, ụda anụ ahụ bụ ihe siri ike nke anụ ahụ.

Ugbu a ọ bụrụ na anyị kwesịrị ịkwalite ihe nkesa anyị na SSD Hard-drive, ihe anyị na-echebu na mbụ? reformat nke disk? Mba! anyị ekwesịghị imegharị ihe nkesa ahụ. LVM nwere nhọrọ iji draịva SSD ọhụrụ bugharịa SATA ochie ochie ahụ. Mbugharị Live ga-akwado ụdị diski ọ bụla, ma ọ bụrụ mbanye mpaghara, SAN ma ọ bụ ọwa Fiber kwa.

  1. Ịmepụta nchekwa diski na-agbanwe agbanwe site na njikwa olu ezi uche - akụkụ 1
  2. Otu esi agbatị/belata LVM na Linux – Nkebi nke 2

Enwere ụzọ abụọ iji kwaga akụkụ LVM (Nchekwa), otu na-eji usoro Mirroring na ndị ọzọ na-eji iwu pvmove. Maka ebumnuche ngosi, ebe a ka m na-eji Centos6.5, mana enwere ike ịkwado otu ntuziaka maka RHEL, Fedora, Oracle Linux na Linux Scientific.

Operating System :	CentOS 6.5 Final
IP Address	 :	192.168.0.224
System Hostname	 :	lvmmig.tecmintlocal.com

Kwụpụ 1: Lelee draịva dị ugbu a

1. Were ya na anyị enweelarị otu draịva mebere aha ya bụ “vdb“, nke e debere na otu n’ime olu ezi uche dị na ya “tecmint_lv“. Ugbu a, anyị chọrọ ịkwaga draịva “vdb” ezi uche dị na ya na ebe nchekwa ọhụrụ ọzọ. Tupu ịga n'ihu, buru ụzọ chọpụta na draịva mebere na aha olu ezi uche dị na ya site n'enyemaka nke fdisk na lvs nyere iwu dịka egosiri.

# fdisk -l | grep vd
# lvs

Kwụpụ 2: Lelee maka mbanye agbakwunyere ọhụrụ

2. Ozugbo anyị kwadoro draịva anyị dị ugbu a, oge eruola itinye draịva SSD ọhụrụ anyị na sistemu wee nyochaa mbanye agbakwunyere ọhụrụ site na enyemaka nke fdiskiwu.

# fdisk -l | grep dev

Cheta na: Ị hụrụ na ihuenyo dị n'elu, na agbakwunyere draịva ọhụrụ ahụ nke ọma na aha /dev/sda.

Kwụpụ 3: Lelee ụda ezi uche na nke anụ ahụ dị ugbu a

3. Ugbu a gaa n'ihu ịmepụta ụda anụ ahụ, otu olu na ụda ezi uche maka ịkwaga. Tupu ịmepụta mpịakọta, jide n'aka na ịlele data olu ezi uche dị ugbu a n'okpuru ebe ugwu /mnt/lvm. Jiri iwu ndị a ka ịdepụta mounts wee lelee data.

# df -h
# cd /mnt/lvm
# cat tecmint.txt

Cheta na: Maka ebumnuche ngosi, anyị emepụtala faịlụ abụọ n'okpuru /mnt/lvm mount point, ma anyị na-akwaga data ndị a na draịva ọhụrụ na-enweghị oge ọ bụla.

4. Tupu ịkwaga mba ọzọ, jide n'aka na ị kwadoro aha nke ụda ezi uche na ụda olu nke metụtara ụda anụ ahụ ma kwadokwa nke ụda anụ ahụ ejiri jide otu olu a na ụda ezi uche.

# lvs
# vgs -o+devices | grep tecmint_vg

Cheta na: Ị hụrụ na ihuenyo dị n'elu, na vdb jide otu olu tecmint_vg.

Nzọụkwụ 4: Mepụta ụda anụ ahụ ọhụrụ

5. Tupu ịmepụta ụda anụ ahụ na SSD Drive ọhụrụ anyị agbakwunyere, anyị kwesịrị ịkọwa nkebi site na iji fdisk. Echefula ịgbanwe Ụdị na LVM(8e), mgbe ị na-eke nkebi.

# pvcreate /dev/sda1 -v
# pvs

6. Ọzọ, tinye ụda anụ ahụ emepụtara ọhụrụ na otu olu dị tecmint_vg site na iji 'vgextendiwu'

# vgextend tecmint_vg /dev/sda1
# vgs

7. Iji nweta ndepụta zuru ezu nke ozi gbasara otu olu jiri 'vgdisplay'iwu.

# vgdisplay tecmint_vg -v

Cheta na: N'ihuenyo dị n'elu, anyị nwere ike ịhụ na njedebe nke nsonaazụ dịka PV gbakwunyere na otu olu.

8. Ọ bụrụ na ikpe, anyị kwesịrị ịmatakwu ozi gbasara ngwaọrụ ndị a na-edepụta, jiri 'dmsetup'iwu ịdabere na ya.

# lvs -o+devices
# dmsetup deps /dev/tecmint_vg/tecmint_lv

Na nsonaazụ dị n'elu, enwere 1 dabere (PV) ma ọ bụ (Drives) na ebe a edepụtara 17. Ọ bụrụ na ị chọrọ iji gosi na-eleba anya n'ime ngwaọrụ, nke nwere isi na obere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke draịva na-agbakwunyere.

# ls -l /dev | grep vd

Mara: N'iwu a dị n'elu, anyị nwere ike ịhụ na nọmba bụ isi nwere 252 na obere nọmba 17 metụtara vdb1. Enwere m olileanya na ị ghọtara site na mmepụta iwu dị n'elu.

Kwụpụ 5: Usoro mirroring LVM

9. Ugbu a, ọ bụ oge ime migration iji Mirroring usoro, jiri 'lvconvert'iwu kwaga data si ochie ezi uche olu na ọhụrụ mbanye.

# lvconvert -m 1 /dev/tecmint_vg/tecmint_lv /dev/sda1

  1. -m = mirror
  2. 1 = ịgbakwunye otu enyo

Mara: Usoro mbugharị n'elu ga-ewe ogologo oge dịka oke olu anyị siri dị.

10. Ozugbo Mbugharị usoro dechara, nyochaa converted mirror.

# lvs -o+devices

11. Ozugbo i ji n'aka na converted mirror zuru okè, ị nwere ike wepu ochie mebere disk vdb1. Nhọrọ -m ga-ewepụ enyo, na mbụ anyị ejirila 1 tinye enyo.

# lvconvert -m 0 /dev/tecmint_vg/tecmint_lv /dev/vdb1

12. Ozugbo ewepụrụ diski mebere ochie, ịnwere ike ịlele ngwaọrụ ndị ahụ maka mpịakọta ezi uche site na iji iwu na-esote.

# lvs -o+devices
# dmsetup deps /dev/tecmint_vg/tecmint_lv
# ls -l /dev | grep sd

Na foto a dị n'elu, ị hụrụ na ụda ezi uche anyị ugbu a dabere na 8,1 ma nwee sda1. Nke a na-egosi na emela usoro mbugharị anyị.

13. Ugbu a nyochaa faịlụ ndị anyị si na ochie gaa na draịva ọhụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na otu data dị na draịva ọhụrụ ahụ, nke ahụ pụtara na anyị emeela usoro niile nke ọma.

# cd /mnt/lvm/
# cat tecmin.txt

14. Mgbe emechara ihe niile n'ụzọ zuru oke, ugbu a bụ oge ihichapụ vdb1 site na otu olu ma emesịa kwenye, nke ngwaọrụ dabere na otu olu anyị.

# vgreduce /dev/tecmint_vg /dev/vdb1
# vgs -o+devices

15. Mgbe ewepụchara vdb1 na Volume Group tecmint_vg, ka ụda olu anyị dị ebe ahụ n'ihi na anyị esiwo na vdb1 kwaga ya na sda1.

# lvs

Kwụpụ 6: LVM pvmove Mirroring Method

16. Kama iji 'lvconvert' mirroring iwu, anyị na-eji ebe a 'pvmove'iwu na nhọrọ '-n' (ezi uche olu aha) usoro enyo data n'etiti ngwaọrụ abụọ.

# pvmove -n /dev/tecmint_vg/tecmint_lv /dev/vdb1 /dev/sda1

Iwu ahụ bụ otu n'ime ụzọ kachasị mfe iji gosipụta data dị n'etiti ngwaọrụ abụọ, mana na ezigbo gburugburu a na-eji Mirroring eme ihe karịa pvmove.

Mmechi

N'isiokwu a, anyị ahụla ka esi akwaga mpịakọta ezi uche site n'otu ụgbọala gaa na nke ọzọ. Enwere m olileanya na ị mụtala aghụghọ ọhụrụ na njikwa olu ezi uche dị na ya. Maka ntọlite dị otu a, onye kwesịrị ịma gbasara isi nke njikwa olu ezi uche dị na ya. Maka ntọala ntọala, biko rụtụ aka na njikọ ndị enyere n'elu akụkọ na ngalaba achọrọ.