Iwu 20 bara uru nke Sysstat Utilities (mpstat, pidstat, iostat na sar) maka nlekota oru Linux.
N'edemede ikpeazụ anyị, anyị amụtala banyere ịwụnye na ịkwalite ngwugwu sysstat na nghọta nkenke gbasara akụrụngwa ndị na-abịa na ngwugwu ahụ.
- Sysstat – Ngwá ọrụ nlekota oru na ojiji nke Linux
Taa, anyị ga-eji ụfọdụ ihe atụ bara uru na-adọrọ mmasị nke mpstat, pidstat, iostat na sar utilities rụọ ọrụ, nke nwere ike inyere anyị aka ịmata nsogbu ndị ahụ. Anyị nwere nhọrọ dị iche iche iji jiri ngwa ndị a, m na-ekwu na ị nwere ike iji aka gị gbaa iwu ndị ahụ na nhọrọ dị iche iche maka ụdị ọrụ dị iche iche ma ọ bụ ị nwere ike ịmepụta ederede ahaziri gị dịka ihe ị chọrọ. Ị maara na Sysadmins na-adị umengwụ mgbe niile, ma na-agbalị mgbe niile ịchọpụta ụzọ dị mfe isi mee ihe ndị ahụ na mbọ kacha nta.
mpstat - Nchịkọta nhazi
1. Iji mpstat iwu na-enweghị nhọrọ ọ bụla, ga-egosipụta Global Average Activities by All CPUs.
[email ~ $ mpstat Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 12:23:57 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 12:23:57 IST all 37.35 0.01 4.72 2.96 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.88
2. Iji mpstat na nhọrọ '-P' (gosi nọmba nhazi) na 'ALL', ga-egosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ gbasara CPU niile n'otu n'otu malite na 0. 0 ga-abụ nke mbụ.
[email ~ $ mpstat -P ALL Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 12:29:26 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 12:29:26 IST all 37.33 0.01 4.57 2.58 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 55.44 12:29:26 IST 0 37.90 0.01 4.96 2.62 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.48 12:29:26 IST 1 36.75 0.01 4.19 2.54 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.40
3. Iji gosi ọnụ ọgụgụ maka N ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iterations mgbe n sekọnd etiti oge na nkezi nke onye ọ bụla cpu jiri iwu na-esonụ.
[email ~ $ mpstat -P ALL 2 5 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 12:36:21 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 12:36:23 IST all 53.38 0.00 2.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.36 12:36:23 IST 0 46.23 0.00 1.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.26 12:36:23 IST 1 60.80 0.00 3.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36.18 12:36:23 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 12:36:25 IST all 34.18 0.00 2.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 63.52 12:36:25 IST 0 31.63 0.00 1.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.84 12:36:25 IST 1 36.73 0.00 2.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.71 12:36:25 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 12:36:27 IST all 33.42 0.00 5.06 0.25 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 61.01 12:36:27 IST 0 34.34 0.00 4.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 61.62 12:36:27 IST 1 32.82 0.00 6.15 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.51
4. Nhọrọ 'M'ga-ebipụta ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nkwụsịtụ ọnụ ọgụgụ banyere kwa processor.
[email ~ $ mpstat -I Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 12:39:56 IST CPU intr/s 12:39:56 IST all 651.04 12:39:56 IST CPU 0/s 1/s 6/s 8/s 9/s 12/s 16/s 17/s 20/s 21/s 22/s 23/s 45/s 46/s 47/s NMI/s LOC/s SPU/s PMI/s IWI/s RTR/s RES/s CAL/s TLB/s TRM/s THR/s MCE/s MCP/s ERR/s MIS/s 12:39:56 IST 0 76.27 1.73 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.33 0.00 0.06 11.46 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.62 1.87 0.05 0.33 182.26 0.00 0.33 3.03 0.00 22.66 0.16 5.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:39:56 IST 1 70.88 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.33 0.00 27.91 10.33 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.27 1.79 0.05 0.32 184.11 0.00 0.32 5.17 0.00 22.09 0.13 4.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:39:56 IST CPU HI/s TIMER/s NET_TX/s NET_RX/s BLOCK/s BLOCK_IOPOLL/s TASKLET/s SCHED/s HRTIMER/s RCU/s 12:39:56 IST 0 0.00 116.49 0.05 0.27 7.33 0.00 1.22 10.44 0.13 37.47 12:39:56 IST 1 0.00 111.65 0.05 0.41 7.07 0.00 56.36 9.97 0.13 41.38
5. Nweta ozi niile dị n'elu n'otu iwu ya bụ -u -I ALL -p ALL.
[email ~ $ mpstat -A Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 12:41:39 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 12:41:39 IST all 38.70 0.01 4.47 2.01 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.76 12:41:39 IST 0 39.15 0.01 4.82 2.05 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 53.95 12:41:39 IST 1 38.24 0.01 4.12 1.98 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 55.57 12:41:39 IST CPU intr/s 12:41:39 IST all 651.73 12:41:39 IST 0 173.16 12:41:39 IST 1 225.89 12:41:39 IST CPU 0/s 1/s 6/s 8/s 9/s 12/s 16/s 17/s 20/s 21/s 22/s 23/s 45/s 46/s 47/s NMI/s LOC/s SPU/s PMI/s IWI/s RTR/s RES/s CAL/s TLB/s TRM/s THR/s MCE/s MCP/s ERR/s MIS/s 12:41:39 IST 0 76.04 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.36 0.00 0.06 11.60 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.42 1.83 0.05 0.34 182.89 0.00 0.34 2.97 0.00 22.69 0.16 5.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:41:39 IST 1 70.70 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.36 0.00 27.47 10.46 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.08 1.75 0.05 0.32 184.83 0.00 0.32 5.10 0.00 22.19 0.13 4.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:41:39 IST CPU HI/s TIMER/s NET_TX/s NET_RX/s BLOCK/s BLOCK_IOPOLL/s TASKLET/s SCHED/s HRTIMER/s RCU/s 12:41:39 IST 0 0.00 116.96 0.05 0.26 7.12 0.00 1.24 10.42 0.12 36.99 12:41:39 IST 1 0.00 112.25 0.05 0.40 6.88 0.00 55.05 9.93 0.13 41.20
pidstat – Usoro na ọnụ ọgụgụ kernel Threads
A na-eji nke a maka nlekota usoro na eriri ugbu a, nke kernel na-achịkwa. pidstat nwekwara ike ịlele ọkwa gbasara usoro ụmụaka na eri.
# pidstat <OPTIONS> [INTERVAL] [COUNT]
6. Iji iwu pidstat na-enweghị arụmụka ọ bụla, ga-egosipụta ọrụ niile na-arụ ọrụ.
[email ~ $ pidstat Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 12:47:24 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command 12:47:24 IST 0 1 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.13 1 init 12:47:24 IST 0 3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0 ksoftirqd/0 12:47:24 IST 0 9 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0 rcu_sched 12:47:24 IST 0 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 watchdog/0 12:47:24 IST 0 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 watchdog/1 12:47:24 IST 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 migration/1 12:47:24 IST 0 13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 ksoftirqd/1 12:47:24 IST 0 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/u9:0 12:47:24 IST 0 29 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.61 0 kworker/0:1 12:47:24 IST 0 30 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.06 1 kworker/1:1 12:47:24 IST 0 224 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 jbd2/sda1-8 12:47:24 IST 0 360 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 upstart-udev-br 12:47:24 IST 0 365 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0 systemd-udevd 12:47:24 IST 0 476 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/u9:1
7. Iji bipụta ọrụ niile na-arụ ọrụ na ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ jiri nhọrọ '-p' (usoro).
[email ~ $ pidstat -p ALL Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 12:51:55 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command 12:51:55 IST 0 1 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.12 1 init 12:51:55 IST 0 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kthreadd 12:51:55 IST 0 3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0 ksoftirqd/0 12:51:55 IST 0 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/0:0H 12:51:55 IST 0 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 migration/0 12:51:55 IST 0 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 rcu_bh 12:51:55 IST 0 9 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 1 rcu_sched 12:51:55 IST 0 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 watchdog/0 12:51:55 IST 0 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 watchdog/1 12:51:55 IST 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 migration/1 12:51:55 IST 0 13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 ksoftirqd/1 12:51:55 IST 0 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 kworker/1:0H 12:51:55 IST 0 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 khelper 12:51:55 IST 0 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kdevtmpfs 12:51:55 IST 0 18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 netns 12:51:55 IST 0 19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 writeback 12:51:55 IST 0 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 kintegrityd
8. Iji pidstat iwu na '-d 2' nhọrọ, anyị nwere ike nweta I/O ọnụ ọgụgụ na 2 bụ etiti oge na sekọnd iji nweta ume ọhụrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ. Nhọrọ a nwere ike ịdị mma n'ọnọdụ, ebe usoro gị na-aga n'ihu I/O dị arọ ma ịchọrọ ịnweta nkọwa gbasara usoro ndị na-eri ihe dị elu.
[email ~ $ pidstat -d 2 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 03:26:53 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command 03:26:55 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command 03:26:57 EDT 574 0.00 148.00 2.00 miniserv.pl 03:27:01 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command 03:27:03 EDT 1 0.00 8.00 2.00 init 03:27:03 EDT 450 0.00 2.00 0.00 rsyslogd 03:27:03 EDT 534 138.00 10.00 4.00 crond 03:27:03 EDT 25100 0.00 6.00 0.00 sendmail 03:27:03 EDT 30829 0.00 6.00 0.00 java
9. Iji mara ọnụ ọgụgụ cpu tinyere niile eri banyere usoro id 4164 na etiti oge nke 2 sec maka ugboro 3 na-eji iwu na-esonụ na nhọrọ '-t' (ọnụ ọgụgụ ngosi nke usoro ahọpụtara).
[email ~ $ pidstat -t -p 4164 2 3 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 01:09:06 IST UID TGID TID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command 01:09:08 IST 1000 4164 - 22.00 1.00 0.00 23.00 1 firefox 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4164 20.00 0.50 0.00 20.50 1 |__firefox 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4171 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Gecko_IOThread 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4172 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Socket 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4173 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__JS 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4174 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__JS 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4175 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Hang 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4176 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 |__gdbus 01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4177 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 |__gmain
10. Jiri '-rh' nhọrọ, mara banyere ebe nchekwa itinye n'ọrụ nke usoro nke na-adịkarị iche iche ha itinye n'ọrụ na 2 sekọnd etiti oge.
[email ~ $ pidstat -rh 2 3 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) # Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command 1409816695 1000 3958 3378.22 0.00 707420 215972 5.32 cinnamon 1409816695 1000 4164 406.93 0.00 1252024 461404 11.36 firefox 1409816695 1000 6676 168.81 0.00 4436 984 0.02 pidstat # Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command 1409816697 0 1601 644.00 0.00 506728 316788 7.80 Xorg 1409816697 1000 3958 3412.00 0.00 707420 215972 5.32 cinnamon 1409816697 1000 4164 2667.00 0.00 1259576 471724 11.62 firefox 1409816697 1000 6676 172.50 0.00 4436 1020 0.03 pidstat # Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command 1409816699 0 1601 644.00 0.00 506728 316788 7.80 Xorg 1409816699 1000 3958 4094.00 0.00 710148 218700 5.39 cinnamon 1409816699 1000 4164 599.00 0.00 1261944 476664 11.74 firefox 1409816699 1000 6676 168.00 0.00 4436 1020 0.03 pidstat
11. Iji bipụta usoro niile nke nwere eriri VB, jiri '-t' nhọrọ ịhụ eri.
[email ~ $ pidstat -G VB Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 01:09:06 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command 01:09:08 IST 1000 1492 22.00 1.00 0.00 23.00 1 VBoxService 01:09:08 IST 1000 1902 4164 20.00 0.50 0.00 20.50 VBoxClient 01:09:08 IST 1000 1922 4171 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VBoxClient
[email ~ $ pidstat -t -G VB Linux 2.6.32-431.el6.i686 (tecmint) 09/04/2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 03:19:52 PM UID TGID TID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command 03:19:52 PM 0 1479 - 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.13 1 VBoxService 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1482 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__timesync 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1483 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.06 0 |__vminfo 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1485 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 |__memballoon 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1486 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 |__vmstats 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1487 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0 |__automount 03:19:52 PM 0 1913 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 VBoxClient 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1913 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__VBoxClient 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1942 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__SHCLIP 03:19:52 PM 0 1933 - 0.04 0.89 0.00 0.93 0 VBoxClient 03:19:52 PM 0 - 1936 0.04 0.89 0.00 0.93 1 |__X11-NOTIFY
12. Iji nweta ezigbo mkpa na ozi nhazi oge jiri nhọrọ '-R' .
[email ~ $ pidstat -R Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 01:09:06 IST UID PID prio policy Command 01:09:08 IST 1000 3 99 FIFO migration/0 01:09:08 IST 1000 5 99 FIFO migration/0 01:09:08 IST 1000 6 99 FIFO watchdog/0
N'ebe a, agaghị m ekpuchi maka ịba uru Iostat, dịka anyị kpuchiri ya. Biko lelee \Linux Performance Monitoring with Vmstat and Iostat ka ị nweta nkọwa niile gbasara iostat.
sar - Onye nta akụkọ ihe omume Sistemu
N'iji iwu sar, anyị nwere ike nweta akụkọ gbasara arụmọrụ sistemụ niile. Nke a nwere ike inyere anyị aka ịchọta nkwụsị nke usoro ahụ ma nye aka ịchọta ngwọta maka nsogbu ndị a na-akpasu iwe.
Linux Kernel na-edobe ụfọdụ counter internally, nke na-edekọ arịrịọ niile, oge mmecha ha na m/O ngọngọ ọnụ wdg. Site na ozi ndị a niile, sar na-agbakọ ọnụego na oke nke arịrịọ ndị a iji chọpụta ihe gbasara mpaghara ọkpọ.
Isi ihe gbasara sar bụ na, ọ na-akọ ihe omume niile n'ime oge ma ọ bụrụ na oge. Yabụ, gbaa mbọ hụ na sar na-anakọta data n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị (ọ bụghị n'oge nri ehihie ma ọ bụ na ngwụsị izu. :)
13. Nke a bụ iwu bụ isi ịkpọku sar. Ọ ga-emepụta otu faịlụ aha ya bụ sarfile n'ime ndekọ aha gị ugbu a. Nhọrọ '-u' bụ maka nkọwa CPU ga-anakọta akụkọ 5 na nkeji nke 2 sekọnd.
[email ~ $ sar -u -o sarfile 2 5 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 01:42:28 IST CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 01:42:30 IST all 36.52 0.00 3.02 0.00 0.00 60.45 01:42:32 IST all 43.32 0.00 5.04 0.00 0.00 51.64 01:42:34 IST all 56.46 0.00 4.05 0.00 0.00 39.49 01:42:36 IST all 44.44 0.00 3.79 0.00 0.00 51.77 01:42:38 IST all 50.75 0.00 3.75 0.00 0.00 45.50 Average: all 46.30 0.00 3.93 0.00 0.00 49.77
14. N'ihe atụ a dị n'elu, anyị akpọkula sar mmekọrịta. Anyị nwekwara nhọrọ ịkpọku ya na-enweghị mmekọrịta site na cron site na iji scripts /usr/local/lib/sa1 na /usr/local/lib/sa2 (Ọ bụrụ na i jirila/usr/ local dị ka prefix n'oge nrụnye).
- /usr/local/lib/sa1 bụ edemede shei anyị nwere ike iji maka ịhazi cron nke ga-emepụta faịlụ ọnụọgụ abụọ kwa ụbọchị.
- /usr/local/lib/sa2 bụ edemede shei ga-agbanwe faịlụ ndekọ ọnụọgụ abụọ ka ọ bụrụ ụdị mmadụ nwere ike ịgụ.
Jiri ndenye Cron ndị a maka ime nke a anaghị emekọrịta ihe:
# Run sa1 shell script every 10 minutes for collecting data */2 * * * * /usr/local/lib/sa/sa1 2 10 # Generate a daily report in human readable format at 23:53 53 23 * * * /usr/local/lib/sa/sa2 -A
N'azụ azụ sa1 script ga-akpọ sadc (System Activity Data Collector) uru maka ị nweta data n'otu oge. sa2 ga-akpọ sar maka ịgbanwe faịlụ ndekọ ọnụọgụ abụọ na ụdị mmadụ enwere ike ịgụ.
15. Lelee ogologo kwụ n'ahịrị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke usoro na ibu nkezi site na iji '-q' nhọrọ.
[email ~ $ sar -q 2 5 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 02:00:44 IST runq-sz plist-sz ldavg-1 ldavg-5 ldavg-15 blocked 02:00:46 IST 1 431 1.67 1.22 0.97 0 02:00:48 IST 4 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0 02:00:50 IST 2 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0 02:00:52 IST 2 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0 02:00:54 IST 0 431 1.64 1.23 0.97 0 Average: 2 431 1.68 1.23 0.97 0
16. Lelee ọnụ ọgụgụ gbasara sistemu faịlụ agbakwunyere site na iji '-F'.
[email ~ $ sar -F 2 4 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 02:02:31 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM 02:02:33 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1 02:02:33 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM 02:02:35 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1 02:02:35 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM 02:02:37 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1 02:02:37 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM 02:02:39 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.86 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1 Summary MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM Summary 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.86 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
17. Lelee ọnụ ọgụgụ netwọk site na iji '-n DEV'.
[email ~ $ sar -n DEV 1 3 | egrep -v lo Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 02:11:59 IST IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s 02:12:00 IST wlan0 8.00 10.00 1.23 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:12:00 IST vmnet8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:12:00 IST eth0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:12:00 IST vmnet1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
18. Lelee ọnụ ọgụgụ ngwaọrụ ngọngọ dị ka iostat iji '-d'.
[email ~ $ sar -d 1 3 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 02:13:17 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util 02:13:18 IST dev8-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:13:18 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util 02:13:19 IST dev8-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:13:19 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util 02:13:20 IST dev8-0 7.00 32.00 80.00 16.00 0.11 15.43 15.43 10.80
19. Iji bipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ ebe nchekwa jiri nhọrọ '-r'.
[email ~ $ sar -r 1 3 Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (linux-console.net) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU) 02:14:29 IST kbmemfree kbmemused %memused kbbuffers kbcached kbcommit %commit kbactive kbinact kbdirty 02:14:30 IST 1465660 2594840 63.90 133052 1549644 3710800 45.35 1133148 1359792 392 02:14:31 IST 1472724 2587776 63.73 133060 1549792 3715504 45.40 1125816 1360000 836 02:14:32 IST 1469112 2591388 63.82 133060 1550036 3705288 45.28 1130252 1360168 804 Average: 1469165 2591335 63.82 133057 1549824 3710531 45.34 1129739 1359987 677
20. Iji 'safd -d', anyị nwere ike wepụ data n'ụdị nke enwere ike ịhazi site na iji ọdụ data.
[email ~ $ safd -d /var/log/sa/sa20140903 -- -n DEV | grep -v lo # hostname;interval;timestamp;IFACE;rxpck/s;txpck/s;rxkB/s;txkB/s;rxcmp/s;txcmp/s;rxmcst/s;%ifutil tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:29 UTC;eth0;1.50;0.00;0.13;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:31 UTC;eth0;2.00;0.00;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:33 UTC;eth0;1.00;0.00;0.09;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:35 UTC;eth0;2.00;0.00;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;14778;2014-09-03 11:59:54 UTC;eth0;1.78;1.17;1.10;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 11:59:56 UTC;eth0;3.50;3.00;0.60;0.77;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 11:59:58 UTC;eth0;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:00 UTC;eth0;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:02 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.50;0.48;0.03;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:04 UTC;eth0;2.50;3.50;0.21;2.05;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:06 UTC;eth0;1.49;1.00;0.62;0.06;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:08 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.00;0.03;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:10 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.50;0.03;0.04;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00 tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:12 UTC;eth0;1.00;0.50;0.12;0.04;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
Ịnwekwara ike ịchekwa nke a na csv wee nwee ike see eserese maka ụdị ihe ngosi dịka n'okpuru.
Nke ahụ bụ maka ugbu a, ị nwere ike ịtu aka na ibe mmadụ maka ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara nhọrọ ọ bụla ma echefula ịkọrọ banyere isiokwu na nkọwa gị bara uru.