Observium: Sistemụ njikwa na nlekota netwọkụ zuru oke maka RHEL/CentOS


Observium bụ PHP/MySQL chụpụrụ Network Observation and Monitoring ngwa, nke na-akwado ọtụtụ sistemụ arụmọrụ/ngwa ngwa ngwa gụnyere Linux, Windows, FreeBSD, Cisco, HP, Dell, NetApp na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-achọ iweta interface weebụ siri ike ma dị mfe iji nyochaa ahụike na arụmọrụ nke netwọk gị.

Observium na-anakọta data sitere na ngwaọrụ site na enyemaka nke SNMP wee gosipụta data ndị ahụ na eserese eserese site na ntanetị weebụ. Ọ na-eji ngwugwu RRDtool eme ihe nke ukwuu. Ọ nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpa isi ihe mgbaru ọsọ imewe, nke na-agụnye ịnakọta dị ukwuu akụkọ ihe mere eme ozi banyere ngwaọrụ, na-kpam kpam akpaaka-achọpụtara na obere ma ọ bụ na-enweghị akwụkwọ ntuziaka, na-enwe nnọọ mfe ma dị ike interface.

Biko nwee ngosi ngwa ngwa n'ịntanetị nke Observium nke onye nrụpụta wepụrụ n'ebe a.

  1. http://demo.observium.org/

Edemede a ga-eduzi gị otu esi etinye Observium na RHEL, CentOS na Linux Sayensị, ụdị akwadoro bụ EL (Enterprise Linux) 6.x. Ugbu a, Observium anaghị akwado maka mwepụta EL 4 na 5 n'otu n'otu. Yabụ, biko ejirila ntuziaka ndị a na mwepụta ndị a.

Kwụpụ 1: Ịgbakwunye RPM Forge na EPEL Repositories

RPMForge na EPEL bụ ebe nchekwa na-enye ọtụtụ ngwungwu ngwanrọ rpm maka RHEL, CentOS na Linux Sayensị. Ka anyị tinye ma mee ka ebe nchekwa abụọ a dabere na obodo site na iji iwu ndị a siri ike.

# yum install wget
# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# wget http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm -Uvh rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
# rpm -Uvh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# yum install wget
# wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.rpm
# wget http://epel.mirror.net.in/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# wget http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm -Uvh rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.rpm
# rpm -Uvh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

Kwụpụ 2: Wụnye ngwugwu ngwanrọ achọrọ

Ugbu a, ka anyị wụnye ngwugwu ngwanrọ achọrọ maka Observium.

# yum install httpd php php-mysql php-gd php-snmp vixie-cron php-mcrypt \
php-pear net-snmp net-snmp-utils graphviz subversion mysql-server mysql rrdtool \
fping ImageMagick jwhois nmap ipmitool php-pear.noarch MySQL-python

Ọ bụrụ na-ịchọrọ inyocha igwe mebere, biko wụnye ngwugwu 'libvirt'.

# yum install libvirt

Kwụpụ 3: Budata Observium

Maka ozi gị, Observium nwere mbipụta abụọ na-esote

  1. Community/Open Source Edition: mbipụta a dị n'efu maka nbudata yana obere atụmatụ yana ndozi nchekwa ole na ole.
  2. Mbipụta ndenye aha: mbipụta a na-abịa na atụmatụ ndị ọzọ, atụmatụ ngwa ngwa/ndozi, nkwado ngwaike yana mfe iji usoro ntọhapụ dabere na SVN.

Buru ụzọ gaa na/họrọ ozugbo, ebe a anyị ga-etinye Observium dị ka ndabara. Ọ bụrụ na-ịchọrọ ịwụnye ebe ọzọ, biko gbanwee iwu na nhazi ya. Anyị na-atụ aro ka ị buru ụzọ bugharịa n'okpuru/họrọ ndekọ. Ozugbo ị nyochaa na ihe niile na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, ị nwere ike ịwụnye na ebe ị chọrọ.

Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ndenye aha Observium na-arụ ọrụ, ị nwere ike iji ebe nchekwa SVN budata ụdị kachasị ọhụrụ. Akaụntụ ndenye aha bara uru naanị maka otu nrụnye yana nrụnye nnwale abụọ ma ọ bụ mmepe nwere patches nche kwa ụbọchị, atụmatụ ọhụrụ na ndozi ahụhụ.

Iji budata ụdị Observium kwụsiri ike na nke dị ugbu a, ịkwesịrị itinye ngwungwu svn na sistemụ ahụ, iji dọpụta faịlụ na ebe nchekwa SVN.

# yum install svn
# svn co http://svn.observium.org/svn/observium/trunk observium
# svn co http://svn.observium.org/svn/observium/branches/stable observium

Anyị enweghị ezigbo ndenye aha, yabụ anyị ga-anwale Observium site na iji Community/Open Source Edition. Budata ụdị 'observium-community-latest.tar.gz' kacha ọhụrụ wee bupụ ya dịka egosiri.

# cd /opt
# wget http://www.observium.org/observium-community-latest.tar.gz
# tar zxvf observium-community-latest.tar.gz

Nzọụkwụ 4: Ịmepụta Observium MySQL Database

Nke a bụ nrụnye MySQL dị ọcha. Yabụ, anyị ga-edobe paswọọdụ mgbọrọgwụ ọhụrụ site n'enyemaka nke iwu na-eso.

# service mysqld start
# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'yourmysqlpassword'

Ugbu a banye na mysql shei wee mepụta nchekwa data Observium ọhụrụ.

# mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE observium;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON observium.* TO 'observium'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'dbpassword';

Kwụpụ 5: Hazie Observium

Ịhazi SELinux ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na Observium karịrị nke isiokwu a, yabụ anyị nwere nkwarụ SELinux. Ọ bụrụ na ịmara iwu SELinux, ị nwere ike hazie ya, mana ọ nweghị nkwa na Observium na-arụ ọrụ na SELinux na-arụ ọrụ. Yabụ, ka mma gbanyụọ ya kpamkpam. Iji mee, mepee faịlụ '/ etc/sysconfig/selinux' wee gbanwee nhọrọ site na 'ikike' gaa 'nkwarụ'.

# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled

Detuo faịlụ nhazi ndabara 'config.php.default' na 'config.php'ma gbanwee ntọala dịka egosiri.

# /opt/observium
# cp config.php.default config.php

Ugbu a mepee faịlụ 'config.php' wee tinye nkọwa MySQL dị ka aha nchekwa data, aha njirimara na paswọọdụ.

# vi config.php
// Database config
$config['db_host'] = 'localhost';
$config['db_user'] = 'observium';
$config['db_pass'] = 'dbpassword';
$config['db_name'] = 'observium';

Wee tinye ntinye maka fping ọnụọgụ abụọ na config.php. Na nkesa RHEL ọnọdụ dị iche.

$config['fping'] = "/usr/sbin/fping";

Na-esote, gbaa iwu na-esonụ ka ịtọọ nchekwa data MySQL wee fanye atụmatụ faịlụ ndabere nke nchekwa data.

# php includes/update/update.php

Kwụpụ 6: Hazie Apache maka Observium

Ugbu a mepụta ndekọ 'rrd' n'okpuru ndekọ '/ opt/observium' maka ịchekwa RRD's.

# /opt/observium
# mkdir rrd

Na-esote, nye Apache ikike na ndekọ 'rrd' ka o dee ma chekwaa RRD n'okpuru ndekọ aha a.

# chown apache:apache rrd

Mepụta ntuziaka nnabata Apache maka Obervium na faịlụ '/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf'.

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Tinye ntuziaka ndị ọbịa Virtual na-esote na ala nke faịlụ ahụ wee mee ka ngalaba Virtualhost dị ka egosiri na nseta ihuenyo dị n'okpuru.

<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /opt/observium/html/
  ServerName  observium.domain.com
  CustomLog /opt/observium/logs/access_log combined
  ErrorLog /opt/observium/logs/error_log
  <Directory "/opt/observium/html/">
  AllowOverride All
  Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews
  </Directory>
  </VirtualHost>

Iji jikwaa ndekọ observium, mepụta ndekọ 'logs' maka Apache n'okpuru'/op/observium'ma tinye ikike Apache iji dee ndekọ.

# mkdir /opt/observium/logs
# chown apache:apache /opt/observium/logs

Mgbe ntọala niile, malitegharịa ọrụ Apache.

# service httpd restart

Kwụpụ 7: Mepụta Onye ọrụ Admin Observium

Tinye onye ọrụ mbụ, nye ọkwa 10 maka nchịkwa. Gbaa mbọ hụ na iji nhọrọ gị dochie aha njirimara na paswọọdụ.

# cd /opt/observium
# ./adduser.php tecmint tecmint123 10

User tecmint added successfully.

Ọzọ tinye Ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ wee gbasoo iwu ka iwepụta data maka ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ.

# ./add_device.php <hostname> <community> v2c
# ./discovery.php -h all
# ./poller.php -h all

Ọzọ tọọ ọrụ cron, mepụta faịlụ ọhụrụ '/etc/cron.d/observium'ma tinye ọdịnaya ndị a.

33  */6   * * *   root    /opt/observium/discovery.php -h all >> /dev/null 2>&1
*/5 *      * * *   root    /opt/observium/discovery.php -h new >> /dev/null 2>&1
*/5 *      * * *   root    /opt/observium/poller-wrapper.py 1 >> /dev/null 2>&1

Bugharịa usoro cron ka iwere ndenye ọhụrụ.

# /etc/init.d/cron reload

Nzọụkwụ ikpeazụ bụ ịgbakwunye httpd na usoro ọrụ mysqld n'obosara, ka ịmalite na-akpaghị aka ma ọ bụrụ na usoro buut.

# chkconfig mysqld on
# chkconfig httpd on

N'ikpeazụ, mepee ihe nchọgharị kachasị amasị gị wee tụọ aka na http://Your-Ip-Address.

Ndị na-esonụ bụ ihuenyo grabs nke ikpeazụ n'etiti 2013, e si na Observium webụsaịtị. Maka nlele ọhụụ, biko lelee ngosi ngosi.

Mmechi

Observium apụtaghị iwepụ kpamkpam ngwaọrụ nlekota ndị ọzọ dị ka Cacti, kama ịgbakwunye ha na nghọta dị egwu nke ụfọdụ ngwaọrụ. Maka nke a, ọ dị mkpa ibuga Observium na Naigos ma ọ bụ sistemụ nlekota ndị ọzọ iji nye ọkwa na Cacti iji mepụta eserese ahaziri ahazi nke ngwaọrụ netwọkụ gị.

Njikọ ntụaka:

  1. Ibe mbụ nke Observium
  2. Akwụkwọ ndenye