Ịwụnye FcgiWrap na Ịkwado Perl, Ruby na Bash Dynamic Languages na Gentoo LEMP
Nkuzi a nwere njikọ chiri anya na nke mbụ na ntinye LEMP na Gentoo ma na-emeso nsogbu ndị ọzọ agbatịkwuru dị ka ime ka asụsụ dị ike dị ka Perl ma ọ bụ Bash ma ọ bụ Ruby site na Fcgiwrap Gateway, na dezie faịlụ nhazi Nginx Virtual Hosts iji nye ọdịnaya siri ike site na iji .pl, .rb na .cgi edemede.
- Ngwunye LEMP arụnyere na Gentoo - https://linux-console.net/install-lemp-in-gentoo-linux/
Kwụpụ 1: Kwado FCGIWRAP na Gentoo LEMP
Fcgiwrap bụ akụkụ nke Nginx FastCGI Common Gateway Interface nke na-ahazi asụsụ scripting ndị ọzọ siri ike, dị ka Perl ma ọ bụ Bash ma ọ bụ Ruby, na-arụ ọrụ site na nhazi arịrịọ enwetara n'aka Nginx, site na TCP ma ọ bụ Unix Sockets, n'ụzọ nke onwe ya wee weghachi nsonaazụ arụpụtara azụ na Nginx, nke, n'ime oge, ga-ebugharị nzaghachi azụ na njedebe ndị ahịa.
1. Ka anyị buru ụzọ malite site na ịwụnye usoro FCcgiwrap na Gentoo Linux site na iji iwu a.
# emerge --ask www-misc/fcgiwrap
2. Site na ndabara Fcgiwrap ngwugwu anaghị enye ọ bụla init scripts na Gentoo iji jikwaa usoro. Mgbe a chịkọtara ngwugwu ma wụnye ya mepụta init scripts nke na-enyere gị aka ijikwa usoro Fcgiwrap site na iji ụzọ atọ: ma ọ bụ malite usoro ahụ site na iji Unix Domain Socketsma ọ bụ iji mpaghara b>TCP Socketsma ọ bụ iji ha abụọ n'otu oge.
Mepụta faịlụ init na ụzọ /etc/init.d/ nwere ọdịnaya faịlụ ndị a.
# nano /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap
Tinye ọdịnaya faịlụ ndị a.
#!/sbin/runscript
ip="0.0.0.0"
port="12345"
start() {
ebegin "Starting fcgiwrap process..."
/usr/sbin/fcgiwrap -s tcp:$ip:$port &
tcp_sock=`netstat -tulpn | grep fcgiwrap`
echo "Socket details: $tcp_sock"
eend $? "Errors were encountered while starting fcgiwrap process"
}
stop() {
ebegin "Stopping fcgiwrap process..."
pid=`ps a | grep fcgiwrap | grep tcp | cut -d" " -f1`
kill -s 1 $pid
tcp_sock=`netstat -tulpn | grep fcgiwrap`
if test $tcp_sock = 2> /dev/null ; then
echo "Fcgiwrap process successfully stoped"
tcp_sock=`netstat -atulpn | grep $port`
if test $tcp_sock = 2> /dev/null ; then
echo "No open fcgiwrap connection found..."
else
echo "Wait to close fcgiwrap open connections...please verify with 'status'"
echo -e "Socket details: \n$tcp_sock"
fi
else
echo "Fcgiwarp process is still running!"
echo "Socket details: $tcp_sock"
fi
eend $? "Errors were encountered while stopping fcgiwrap process..."
}
status() {
ebegin "Status fcgiwrap process..."
tcp_sock=`netstat -atulpn | grep $port`
if test $tcp_sock = 2> /dev/null ; then
echo "Fcgiwrap process not running"
else
echo "Fcgiwarp process is running!"
echo -e "Socket details: \n$tcp_sock"
fi
eend $? "Errors were encountered while stopping fcgiwrap process..."
}
Dị ka ị na-ahụ faịlụ script na-ejide mgbanwe abụọ na mmalite, dịka ip na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Gbanwee mgbanwe ndị a na mkpa nke gị wee hụ na ha ejikọtaghị na ọrụ ndị ọzọ na sistemụ gị, ọkachasị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri - ndabara ebe a bụ 12345 - gbanwee ya.
Iji 0.0.0.0 na IP variable na-eme ka usoro ahụ kechie ma gee ntị na IP ọ bụla (n'èzí ị nwere ike ịnweta ma ọ bụrụ na ịnweghị firewall ), mana maka ihe nchebe ị kwesịrị ịgbanwe ya ka ọ gee ntị naanị na mpaghara, na 127.0.0.1, ọ gwụla ma ị nwere ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka nhazi ọnụ ụzọ Fcgiwrap nke dịpụrụ adịpụ na ọnụ ụzọ dị iche maka ịrụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ nhazi ibu.
3. Mgbe emechara faịlụ ahụ, tinye ikikere igbu ma jikwaa usoro daemon site na iji mmalite, kwụsị ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ mgbanwe. Mgbanwe ọkwa ga-egosi gị ozi sọket dị mkpa dị ka IP-PORTmekọrịta ọ na-ege ntị ma ọ bụrụ na njikọ ọ bụla na-arụ ọrụ ebe ebidobere ya. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụrụ na usoro ahụ nwere njikọ na-arụ ọrụ na TIME_WAIT steeti ị nweghị ike ịmalitegharị ya ruo mgbe njikọ TCP niile mechiri.
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap # service start fcgiwrap # /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap status
Dịka e gosipụtara na mbụ Fcgiwrap nwere ike ịgba ọsọ n'otu oge na-eji oghere abụọ ahụ, yabụ ga-agbanwe ntakịrị aha nke edemede nke abụọ ka ọ bụrụ fcgiwrap-unix-socket, iji hụ na enwere ike ịmalite ha abụọ wee gbaa ọsọ n'otu oge.
# nano /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap-unix-socket
Jiri ọdịnaya faịlụ ndị a maka oghere UNIX.
#!/sbin/runscript
sock_detail=`ps a | grep fcgiwrap-unix | head -1`
start() {
ebegin "Starting fcgiwrap-unix-socket process..."
/usr/sbin/fcgiwrap -s unix:/run/fcgiwrap-unix.sock &
sleep 2
/bin/chown nginx:nginx /run/fcgiwrap-unix.sock
sleep 1
sock=`ls -al /run/fcgiwrap-unix.sock`
echo "Socket details: $sock"
eend $? "Errors were encountered while starting fcgiwrap process"
}
stop() {
ebegin "Stopping fcgiwrap-unix-socket process..."
pid=`ps a | grep fcgiwrap | grep unix | cut -d" " -f1`
rm -f /run/fcgiwrap-unix.sock
kill -s 1 $pid
echo "Fcgiwrap process successfully stoped"
#killall /usr/sbin/fcgiwrap
sleep 1
echo "Socket details: $sock"
eend $? "Errors were encountered while stopping fcgiwrap process..."
}
status() {
ebegin "Status fcgiwrap-unix-socket process..."
if test -S /run/fcgiwrap-unix.sock; then
echo "Process is started with socket: $sock_detail"
else
echo "Fcgiwrap process not running!"
fi
eend $? "Errors were encountered while stopping fcgiwrap process..."
}
4. Ọzọ mesie ike na faịlụ a nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ma jiri otu mgbanwe ọrụ ahụ: mmalite, kwụsị ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ. Edobela m ụzọ ndabara maka oghere a na /run/fcgiwrap-unix.sock ụzọ sistemu. Malite usoro wee nyochaa ya site na iji ọnọdụ ịgbanwee ma ọ bụ depụta / run ọdịnaya ndekọ wee chọta oghere, ma ọ bụ jiri ps -a | grep fcgiwrapiwu.
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap-unix-socket # service start fcgiwrap-unix-socket # /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap-unix-socket status # ps -a | grep fcgiwrap
Dị ka e kwuru na mbụ Fcgiwrap nwere ike na-agba ọsọ na TCP na UNIX sockets n'out oge, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-adịghị mkpa mpụga ọnụ ụzọ ámá na-arapara n'ahụ Unix Domain Socketnaanị, n'ihi na ọ na-eji interprocess nkwurịta okwu, nke dị ngwa ngwa karịa nkwurịta okwu n'elu. Njikọ TCP loopback, ma na-eji obere TCP n'elu.
Kwụpụ 2: Kwado scripts CGI na Nginx
5. N'ihi na Nginx na-atụgharị na-agba ọsọ Perl ma ọ bụ Bash scripts site Fast Common Gateway Interface, Virtual Hosts ga-ahazi na Fcgiwrap nkọwa na mgbọrọgwụ ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ nkwupụta.
A na-egosi ihe atụ n'okpuru (localhost), nke na-eme ka Perl na CGI scripts na faịlụ niile etinyere na mgbọrọgwụ ụzọ (/var/www/localhost/htdocs/) na .pl > na .cgi ndọtị site na iji Fcgiwrap TCP Sockets maka ụzọ akwụkwọ mgbọrọgwụ ndabere, ebe nke abụọ na-eji Unix Domain Sockets, yana faịlụ index.pl na ebe nke atọ na-eji TCP sockets nwere faịlụ index.cgi.
Debe ọdịnaya ndị a, ma ọ bụ naanị akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ya, na faịlụ nhazi nhazi nke onye ọbịa ị chọrọ ka ị rụọ ọrụ Perl ma ọ bụ Bash scripts nwere UNIX ma ọ bụ TCP Sockets n'okpuru ebe dị iche iche, site na ịmegharị fastcgi_pass nkwupụta arụmụka.
# nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/localhost.conf
Dezie localhost.conf ka ọ dị na ndebiri dị n'okpuru.
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost_access_log main;
error_log /var/log/nginx/localhost_error_log info;
root /var/www/localhost/htdocs/;
location / {
autoindex on;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
## PHP –FPM Gateway ###
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9001;
}
## Fcgiwrap Gateway on all files under root with TCP Sockets###
location ~ \.(pl|cgi|rb)$ {
fastcgi_index index.cgi index.pl;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:12345;
}
## Fcgiwrap Gateway on all files under root second folder with index.pl using UNIX Sockets###
location /second {
index index.pl;
root /var/www/localhost/htdocs/;
location ~ \.(pl|cgi|rb)$ {
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/fcgiwrap-unix.sock;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
## Fcgiwrap Gateway on all files under root third folder with index.cgi using TCP Sockets###
location /third {
index index.cgi;
location ~ \.(pl|cgi|rb)$ {
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:12345;
}
}6. Mgbe ịmechara Nginx localhost.conf, ma ọ bụ faịlụ nhazi nke Virtual Host gị, gaa na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ndabere akwụkwọ mgbọrọgwụ, mepụta folda abụọ ahụ iji gosipụta nkwupụta ọnọdụ gị, wee mepụta faịlụ index maka. ebe ọ bụla nwere ndọtị ya akọwapụtara.
# cd /var/www/localhost/htdocs # mkdir second third
Mepụta faịlụ index.pl na ọnọdụ nke abụọ yana ọdịnaya ndị a.
# nano /var/www/localhost/htdocs/second/index.pl
Tinye ọdịnaya a ka ị nweta mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi.
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
print <<HTML;
<html>
<head><title>Perl Index</title></head>
<body>
<div align=center><h1>A Perl CGI index on second location with env variables</h1></div>
</body>
HTML
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n"; foreach my $keys (sort keys %ENV) { print "$keys =
$ENV{$keys}<br/>\n";
}
exit;Wee mepụta faịlụ index.cgi na ọnọdụ nke atọ yana ọdịnaya ndị a.
# nano /var/www/localhost/htdocs/third/index.cgi
Tinye ọdịnaya a ka ị nweta mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi.
#!/bin/bash echo Content-type: text/html echo "" cat << EOF <HTML> <HEAD><TITLE>Bash script</TITLE></HEAD> <BODY><PRE> <div align=center><h1>A BASH CGI index on third location with env variables</h1></div> EOF env cat << EOF </BODY> </HTML> EOF
7. Mgbe emechara edezi, mee ka faịlụ abụọ ahụ rụọ ọrụ, malitegharịa Nginx nkesa ma hụ na ma Fcgiwrap sockets na-agba ọsọ.
# chmod +x /var/www/localhost/htdocs/second/index.pl # chmod +x /var/www/localhost/htdocs/third/index.cgi # service nginx restart # service fcgiwrap start # service fcgiwrap-unix-socket start
Na-esote, megharịa ihe nchọgharị mpaghara gị na URL na-eso.
http://localhost http://localhost/second/ http://localhost/third/
Nsonaazụ kwesịrị ịpụta dị ka n'okpuru nseta ihuenyo.
8. Ọ bụrụ na ihe niile dị na ya ma hazie ya nke ọma, mee ka ma Fcgiwrap daemons malite na-akpaghị aka, mgbe ịmalitegharịa site na ịnye iwu ndị a (ọ bụrụ na ị haziela Nginx ka ọ jiri ma CGI sockets).
# rc-update add fcgiwrap default # rc-update add fcgiwrap-unix-socket default
Kwụpụ 3: Tinye nkwado Ruby na Fcgiwrap
9. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịgba ọsọ Ruby scripts na Nginx FCGI ị ga-etinyerịrị onye ntụgharị Ruby na Gentoo site na iwu a.
# emerge --ask ruby
10. Mgbe achịkọtachara ma wụnye ngwugwu ahụ, gaa na Nginx saịtị dị wee dezie faịlụ localhost.conf site na itinye okwu ndị a n'ihu akara mkpịrịkọ ikpeazụ \ } , nke na-akwalite nkwado iji mee script Ruby na ebe anọ n'okpuru ụzọ mgbọrọgwụ akwụkwọ nke Nginx localhost na-eje ozi.
# nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/localhost.conf
Jiri ntuziaka Nginx ndị a.
## Fcgiwrap Gateway on all files under root fourth folder with index.rb under TCP Sockets###
location /fourth {
index index.rb;
location ~ \.rb$ {
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:12345;
}
}
## Last curly bracket which closes Nginx server definitions ##
}
11. Ugbu a, iji nwalee nhazi mepụta ndekọ nke anọ n'okpuru /var/www/localhost/htdocsụzọ, mepụta ihe odide Ruby executable na .rb ndọtị wee gbakwunye ihe ndị a. ọdịnaya.
# mkdir /var/www/localhost/htdocs/fourth # nano /var/www/localhost/htdocs/fourth/index.rb
Ihe atụ Ruby index.rb.
#!/usr/bin/ruby
puts "HTTP/1.0 200 OK"
puts "Content-type: text/html\n\n"
puts "<html><HEAD><TITLE>Ruby script</TITLE></HEAD>"
puts "<BODY><PRE>"
puts "<div align=center><h1>A Ruby CGI index on fourth location with env variables</h1></div>"
system('env')12. Mgbe ị gbakwunyere ikike igbu egbu na faịlụ, malitegharịa Nginx daemon iji tinye nhazi.
# chmod +x /var/www/localhost/htdocs/fourth/index.rb # service nginx restart
Mepee ihe nchọgharị gị wee gaa na URL http://localhost/fourth/, nke kwesịrị igosi gị ọdịnaya ndị a.
Nke ahụ bụ ya ugbu a, ị haziela Nginx ka ọ na-eje ozi Perl, Ruby na Bash scripts na FastCGI Gateway, mana, mara na ịgba ọsọ ụdị edemede a na Nginx CGI Gateway nwere ike ịdị ize ndụ ma tinye nnukwu ihe egwu na nchekwa gị n'ihi na ha na-agba ọsọ site na iji shells na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru sistemụ gị, mana ọ nwere ike gbasaa ihe mgbochi static HTML kwadoro, na-agbakwunye ọrụ siri ike na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gị.