Okwu Mmalite GlusterFS (Sistemụ faịlụ) na ntinye na RHEL/CentOS na Fedora

Anyị na-ebi n'ụwa ebe data na-eto eto n'ụzọ a na-atụghị anya ya na ọ dị anyị mkpa ịchekwa data a, ma ọ bụ ahaziri ma ọ bụ na-ahazighị ya, n'ụzọ dị irè. Sistemụ mgbakọ na-ekesa ekesa na-enye ọtụtụ uru karịa sistemu ịgbakọ agbakọ n'etiti. Ebe a na-echekwa data n'ụzọ kesaa na ọtụtụ ọnụ dị ka sava.

Echiche nke ihe nkesa metadata adịkwaghị mkpa na sistemụ faịlụ ekesara. Na sistemụ faịlụ kesara, ọ na-enye echiche nkịtị nke faịlụ niile kewara n'etiti sava dị iche iche. A na-enweta faịlụ/akwụkwọ ndekọ aha na sava nchekwa ndị a n'ụzọ nkịtị.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike ịtọ ikike maka faịlụ/akwụkwọ ndekọ aha dị ka ọ dị na mbụ usoro ikike ikike, ya bụ onye nwe, otu na ndị ọzọ. Ịnweta usoro faịlụ na-adabere n'ụzọ bụ isi ka e si hazie otu protocol ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na otu.

Kedu ihe bụ GlusterFS?

GlusterFS bụ sistemụ faịlụ ekesara akọwawara ka ejiri ya na oghere onye ọrụ, ya bụ Sistemụ Njikwa na Oghere Onye Ọrụ (FUSE). Ọ bụ sistemụ faịlụ dabere na ngwanrọ nke na-egosi njirimara mgbanwe nke ya.

Leba anya n'ọnụọgụ na-esote nke na-egosipụta n'usoro nhazi ọkwa GlusterFS n'ụdị nhazi ọkwa. Na ndabara TCP ga-eji GlusterFS mee ihe.

  1. Innovation – Ọ na-ewepụ metadata ma nwee ike melite arụmọrụ nke ga-enyere anyị aka ijikọ data na ihe dị n'otu.
  2. Ịlasticity – Emebere ka uto na mbelata nha data.
  3. Akara Linearly - Ọ nwere nnweta petabytes na gafere.
  4. Mfe - Ọ dị mfe ijikwa yana nweere onwe ya pụọ na kernel mgbe ị na-agba na oghere onye ọrụ.

  1. nwere ike ịre ahịa - Enweghị ihe nkesa metadata na-enye sistemụ faịlụ ọsọ ọsọ.
  2. dị ọnụ ala - Ọ na-ebuga na ngwaike ngwa ahịa.
  3. Mgbanwe - Dịka m kwuru na mbụ, GlusterFS bụ sistemụ faịlụ naanị sọftụwia. Ebe a na-echekwa data na sistemụ faịlụ ala dịka ext4, xfs wdg.
  4. Oghere Isi - Ugbu a Red Hat Inc na-elekọta GlusterFS, ụlọ ọrụ mepere emepe ijeri dollar, dịka akụkụ nke Nchekwa okpu uhie.

  1. Brick – Brick bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi akwụkwọ ndekọ aha ọ bụla a chọrọ ka ekesara n'etiti ọdọ mmiri a tụkwasịrị obi.
  2. Ọdọ mmiri Nchekwa ntụkwasị obi - bụ nchịkọta faịlụ/akwụkwọ ndekọ aha ndị a na-ekekọrịta, nke dabere na ụkpụrụ arụpụtara.
  3. Mgbochi Nchekwa - Ha bụ ngwaọrụ ndị a na-ebufe data n'ofe sistemu n'ụdị ngọngọ.
  4. Ọyọkọ - Na Nchekwa Okpu uhie, ma ụyọkọ na ọdọ mmiri a tụkwasịrị obi na-ebupụta otu ihe jikọrọ ihe nkesa nchekwa dabere na ụkpụrụ akọwapụtara.
  5. Sistemụ Faịlụ ekesara – Sistemụ faịlụ nke na-agbasa data n’elu ọnụ ụzọ dị iche iche ebe ndị ọrụ nwere ike ịnweta faịlụ ahụ n’amaghị ebe faịlụ ahụ nọ. Onye ọrụ anaghị enwe mmetụta nke ịnweta ime ime.
  6. FUSE – Ọ bụ modul kernel nwere ike ibunye nke na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere imepụta sistemụ faịlụ n'elu kernel na-etinyeghị koodu kernel ọ bụla.
  7. glusterd – glusterd bụ GlusterFS management daemon nke bụ ọkpụkpụ azụ nke sistemụ faịlụ nke ga na-arụ ọrụ oge niile mgbe ọ bụla sava na-arụ ọrụ.
  8. POSIX – Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) bụ ezinụlọ ụkpụrụ nke IEEE kọwapụtara dị ka ihe ngwọta maka ndakọrịta n'etiti Unix-variants n'ụdị nke Interface Programmable Interface (API).
  9. RAID – Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) bụ teknụzụ na-enye ụbara ntụkwasị obi nchekwa site na nrụgharị.
  10. Mpịakọta nke obere - brik ka emechara ya ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu onye ntụgharị.
  11. Nsụgharị – Onye ntụgharị bụ ibe koodu nke na-arụ ọrụ ndị bụ isi nke onye ọrụ bidoro site na ebe ugwu. Ọ na-ejikọta otu mpịakọta ma ọ bụ karịa.
  12. Mpịakọta - Mpịakọta bụ nchịkọta ezi uche dị na ya nke brik. Arụmọrụ niile dabere na ụdị mpịakọta dị iche iche nke onye ọrụ mepụtara.

A na-anabatakwa nnọchite nke ụdị mpịakọta dị iche iche na nchikota n'etiti ụdị olu ndị a dị ka egosiri n'okpuru.

Nnọchite anya nke olu ekesa-emegharị.

Ntinye nke GlusterFS na RHEL/CentOS na Fedora

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-etinye na nhazi GlusterFS maka oge mbụ maka nnukwu nchekwa. Maka nke a, anyị na-ewere sava abụọ iji mepụta mpịakọta ma megharịa data n'etiti ha.

  1. Wụnye CentOS 6.5 (ma ọ bụ OS ọ bụla) na ọnụ abụọ.
  2. Tọọ aha nnabata akpọrọ “server1” na “server2“.
  3. njikọ netwọk na-arụ ọrụ.
  4. diski nchekwa na ọnụ abụọ a akpọrọ “/data/brick“.

Tupu ịwụnye GlusterFS na sava abụọ ahụ, anyị kwesịrị ime ka ebe nchekwa EPEL na GlusterFS nwee afọ ojuju dabere na mpụga. Jiri njikọ ndị a iji wụnye ma mee ka ebe nchekwa epel dị n'okpuru sistemụ abụọ ahụ.

  1. Etu esi eme ebe nchekwa EPEL na RHEL/CentOS

Ọzọ, anyị kwesịrị ime ka nchekwa GlusterFs na sava abụọ ahụ.

# wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d http://download.gluster.org/pub/gluster/glusterfs/LATEST/EPEL.repo/glusterfs-epel.repo

Wụnye ngwanrọ na sava abụọ ahụ.

# yum install glusterfs-server

Bido daemon njikwa GlusterFS.

# service glusterd start

Ugbu a lelee ọnọdụ nke daemon.

# service glusterd status
service glusterd start
  service glusterd status
  glusterd.service - LSB: glusterfs server
   	  Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/glusterd)
  	  Active: active (running) since Mon, 13 Aug 2012 13:02:11 -0700; 2s ago
  	 Process: 19254 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/glusterd start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  	  CGroup: name=systemd:/system/glusterd.service
  		  ├ 19260 /usr/sbin/glusterd -p /run/glusterd.pid
  		  ├ 19304 /usr/sbin/glusterfsd --xlator-option georep-server.listen-port=24009 -s localhost...
  		  └ 19309 /usr/sbin/glusterfs -f /var/lib/glusterd/nfs/nfs-server.vol -p /var/lib/glusterd/...

Mepee '/etc/sysconfig/selinux' wee gbanwee SELinux ka ọ bụrụ ikwenye ma ọ bụ nkwarụ na sava abụọ ahụ. Chekwaa ma mechie faịlụ ahụ.

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

Na-esote, kpochapu iptables na ọnụ abụọ ma ọ bụ mkpa ikwe ka ịnweta ọnụ ụzọ nke ọzọ site na iptables.

# iptables -F

Gbaa iwu a na 'Server1'.

gluster peer probe server2

Gbaa iwu a na 'Server2'.

gluster peer probe server1

Mara: Ozugbo ejikọrọ ọdọ mmiri a, ọ bụ naanị ndị ọrụ tụkwasịrị obi nwere ike inyocha sava ọhụrụ n'ime ọdọ mmiri a.

Na ma server1 na server2.

# mkdir /data/brick/gv0

Mepụta olu Na otu ihe nkesa ọ bụla wee malite olu. N'ebe a, ewerela m 'Server1'.

# gluster volume create gv0 replica 2 server1:/data/brick1/gv0 server2:/data/brick1/gv0
# gluster volume start gv0

Na-esote, kwado ọkwa nke olu.

# gluster volume info

Mara: Ọ bụrụ na ebidoghị olu ikpe, a na-abanye ozi njehie n'okpuru '/var/log/glusterfs' na otu ma ọ bụ abụọ nke sava ahụ.

Wụnye olu na ndekọ n'okpuru '/mnt'.

# mount -t glusterfs server1:/gv0 /mnt

Ugbu a ị nwere ike ịmepụta, dezie faịlụ na ebe ugwu dị ka otu echiche nke usoro faịlụ.

Njirimara nke GlusterFS

    Ọgwụgwọ onwe - Ọ bụrụ na nke ọ bụla n'ime brik ndị dị na olu a na-emegharị emegharị na-agbada ma ndị ọrụ gbanwee faịlụ n'ime brik ọzọ, daemon na-agwọ onwe ya na-akpaghị aka ga-abata n'ọrụ ozugbo brik ahụ dị n'oge ọzọ na azụmahịa ndị ahụ. mere n'oge ọdịda na-ejikọta ya.
  1. Rebalance – Ọ bụrụ na anyị agbakwunye brik ọhụrụ na olu dị adị, ebe nnukwu data nọ na mbụ, anyị nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ngbanwe iji kesaa data n'etiti brik niile gụnyere brik a agbakwunyere ọhụrụ.
  2. Geo-replication - Ọ na-enye ndabere data maka mgbake ọdachi. Ebe a na-abịa echiche nke nna ukwu na ohu mpịakọta. Yabụ na ọ bụrụ na nna ukwu dara ada, enwere ike ịnweta data niile site na ohu. A na-eji njirimara a mekọrịta data n'etiti sava ndị kewara ekewa na mpaghara. Ịmalite nnọkọ geo-replication chọrọ usoro iwu gluster.

Nke a bụ njide ihuenyo nke na-egosi modul geo-replication.

Njikọ ntụaka

GlusterFS ibe

Ọ bụ ya ugbu a!. Nọgide na-emelite maka nkọwa zuru ezu na njirimara dị ka ọgwụgwọ onwe na re-balance, Geo-replication, wdg n'ime akụkọ m na-abịa.